Cultural protective and risk factors: Professional perspectives about child sexual abuse in Kenya

Plummer, Carol A.; Njuguna, Wambui

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.02.005

Cited by 45 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This bill criminalized the purposeful transmission of HIV, expanded definitions of sex crimes, and provided free health care and counseling to rape victims (Onyango-Ouma et al, 2009). Before the passage of this law, there were no minimum sentences for offenders and the sexual abuse of males was not criminalized (Plummer & Njuguna, 2009). In 2009, the Kenyan Ministry of Health released a second edition of national guidelines on the management of SV that included sections on medical management, psychosocial support, forensic management, humanitarian issues of SV, quality assurance and quality improvement for post-rape care (National Guidelines on Management of Sexual Violence in Kenya, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only one study has examined Kenyan beliefs about SV, looking specifically at perceptions of CSA (Plummer & Njuguna, 2009). This study employed focus groups with child protection workers from different tribes to understand the risk and protective factors for CSA in Kenya (Plummer & Njuguna, 2009). Protective factors identified were: traditional values, placing a high value on children, and taboos.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protective factors identified were: traditional values, placing a high value on children, and taboos. Risk factors identified were tribal factors, a culture of silence around sexual matters, gender roles, patriarchy, foreign influence, and individual-level factors such as orphan status or presence of a step-father (Plummer & Njuguna, 2009). These perceived risk and protective factors might influence the likelihood that a survivor will disclose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlates of disclosure of sexual violence among Kenyan youth

Boudreau

Kress

Rochat

et al. 2018

Child Abuse & Neglect

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Introduction Sexual violence (SV) against children is a global health and human rights issue that can have short and long-term consequences for health and wellbeing. Disclosing SV increases the likelihood that children can access health and protective services and receive psychosocial support. Research in high-income countries has found that child SV survivors are more likely to disclose when they are girls/women, experience fewer SV events, and experience SV perpetrated by a stranger. No studies have examined correlates of SV disclosure in Kenya. Objective The objective of this research was to assess the correlates of disclosing SV among Kenyan youth ages 13–24 who reported an SV experience before age 18. Methods In 2010, the Kenya Ministry of Gender, Children and Social Development, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Division of Violence Prevention, the UNICEF Kenya Country Office, and the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) conducted a national survey of violence against children. These data were used to conduct weighted logistic regression analyses to determine which factors were correlated with reporting SV disclosure. Results Among the 27.8% of girls/women and 14.5% of boys/men who reported SV before age 18, 44.6% of girls/women and 28.2% of boys/men reported to have disclosed the experience. In weighted logistic regression analysis, the odds of disclosure were lower among survivors who were boys/men and among survivors who reported more SV events, and higher when any perpetrator was a family member. Conclusion More context-specific research on SV disclosure among young people is needed globally.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlates of disclosure of sexual violence among Kenyan youth

Boudreau

Kress

Rochat

et al. 2018

Child Abuse & Neglect

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“…Although studies concerning Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) have been conducted in a wide array of different cultural contexts [1], the knowledge on traumatization and development of PTSD is still limited [2]. Most studies conducted are clinical studies, which deal with subjects that have already been traumatized or affected by specific single events such as war [3], natural disasters [1], serious accidents [4] or physical/sexual abuse [5-7]. Though research indicates that adolescents are very vulnerable to the exposure of Potentially Traumatic Events (PTEs) [8], studies targeting non-clinical youth populations and the impact of their life experiences are very few.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Victimization and PTSD in A Rural Kenyan Youth Sample

Karsberg¹,

Elklit

2012

CPEMH

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Within the last ten years, there has been a growing number of epidemiological studies, examining the effect of trauma exposure in children and adolescents. Although studies concerning Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) have been conducted in a wide array of different cultural contexts [1], the knowledge on traumatization and development of PTSD is still limited [2]. Most studies conducted are clinical studies, which deal with subjects that have already been traumatized or affected by specific single events such as war [3], natural disasters [1], serious accidents [4] or physical/sexual abuse [5-7]. Though research indicates that adolescents are very vulnerable to the exposure of Potentially Traumatic Events (PTEs) [8], studies targeting non-clinical youth populations and the impact of their life experiences are very few. With the increasing ethnic diversity of populations worldwide, it is of particular interest to compare the prevalence of exposure and PTSD in children and adolescents of different ethnic backgrounds. When designing preventive interventions and treatment programs for youth suffering from PTSD it is crucial to understand the complex interaction of variables behind the disorder. Differences in prevalence of exposure, PTSD and demographic variables between ethnicities may reveal some important clues to the etiology of the disease.The present study replicated six previous non-clinical studies which were designed to provide epidemiological information about exposure to PTEs, and the prevalence of PTSD among adolescents (see Table 1). The six studies were conducted in different countries and were very similar in their research methods and samples. The studies have been conducted in four European countries: Denmark [9], Iceland, [10], Lithuania [11], and the Faroe Islands [2], as well as in two Asian countries: Israel [12], and India [13] of which the four first samples were nationally representative.

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“…In addition, because of their proximity to their children, parents may be more able to take swift action to stop CSA, address trauma, and minimize harm in the event that abuse does occur (Wurtele & Kenny, 2010). Recent studies have documented both need and demand for parental education around CSA in SSAs (Ige & Fawole, 2011; Kisanga et al, 2013; Plummer & Njuguna, 2009), suggesting that an intervention directed at parents could be well received.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curriculum Development Around Parenting Strategies to Prevent and Respond to Child Sexual Abuse in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Program Collaboration Between Families Matter! and Global Dialogues

Miller

Winskell

Pruitt

et al. 2015

Journal of Child Sexual Abuse

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Despite widespread recognition of child sexual abuse (CSA) as a serious problem in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), few far-reaching programmatic interventions addressing CSA in this setting are currently available, and those interventions that do exist tend to focus on response rather than prevention. Parents are in a unique position to engage their children in dialogues about sexuality-related issues and thereby both help prevent CSA and take swift action to stop CSA, address trauma, and minimize harm, in the event CSA does occur. The Families Matter! Program (FMP) is an evidence-based intervention for parents and caregivers of 9-12 year-olds in sub-Saharan African countries that promotes positive parenting practices and effective parent-child communication about sex-related issues and sexual risk reduction. This paper describes the enhancement of a new FMP session on CSA, drawing on authentic narratives contributed by young people to the Global Dialogues/Scenarios from Africa (GD/SfA) youth scriptwriting competition. The GD/SfA data permitted incorporation of young Africans’ voices and resulted in an interactive curriculum that is grounded in contextually-relevant and emotionally-compelling scenarios and adapted to the needs of low-literacy adult learners in SSA. Experiences are shared with a view to informing the development of interventions addressing CSA in SSA.

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Cultural protective and risk factors: Professional perspectives about child sexual abuse in Kenya

Cited by 45 publications

References 13 publications

Correlates of disclosure of sexual violence among Kenyan youth

Correlates of disclosure of sexual violence among Kenyan youth

Victimization and PTSD in A Rural Kenyan Youth Sample

Curriculum Development Around Parenting Strategies to Prevent and Respond to Child Sexual Abuse in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Program Collaboration Between Families Matter! and Global Dialogues

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