Culture, Aging, Self-Continuity, and Life Satisfaction

Ji, Li; Imtiaz, Faizan; Su, Yanjie; Zhang, Zhiyong; Bowie, Alexa C.; Chang, Baorui

doi:10.1007/s10902-022-00568-5

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Thus, by excessively focusing on the past and the future due to a strong outcome orientation, young adults may miss out on important benefits derived from focusing on the present moment/the process of task completion. Relating this to the current work, the higher rates of past and future focus, along with a high outcome orientation in young adults, may explain in part why young people tend to have lower life satisfaction compared to older adults [12]. Future work should focus on how age, temporal focus, and outcome/process orientations intersect to contribute toward health and happiness.…”

Section: Connections With Existing Researchmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Motivation and Age Revisited: The Impact of Outcome and Process Orientations on Temporal Focus in Older and Younger Adults

Imtiaz,

Vaughan-Johnston,

2024

JAL

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When engaging in a task, individuals may prioritize the task’s results (i.e., the outcome), or they may focus on the task in and of itself (i.e., the process). Previous conceptualizations of outcome and process orientations have focused on population- and context-specific motives rather than people’s general proclivity toward these orientations across diverse tasks. Using a context-generalized outcome and process measure, we examined whether older adults (Mage = 72.8) and younger adults (Mage = 18.0) varied in their outcome and process orientations, and explored how these differences were related to temporal focus. The results indicated that, compared to their younger counterparts, older adults were more process oriented, and focused more on the present. Meanwhile, younger adults were more outcome oriented and focused more on the past and the future compared to older adults. Mediation analyses further revealed that older adults were more present focused due to their heightened process orientation, while younger adults were more past and future focused due to their outcome orientation. The implications of these findings in applied settings such as the workplace, health promotion, and business are discussed.

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Section: Connections With Existing Researchmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…This is an important gap in the literature as older individuals often differ strikingly from their younger counterparts. For example, compared to younger adults, older individuals spend more time focusing on the present [10], experience more positive affect [11]; and report greater levels of life satisfaction [12].…”

Section: Generational Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Motivation and Age Revisited: The Impact of Outcome and Process Orientations on Temporal Focus in Older and Younger Adults

Imtiaz,

Vaughan-Johnston,

2024

JAL

Self Cite

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“…Chinese people are deeply influenced by collectivism, family consciousness, and Confucian ethics and morals. They tend to connect events that occurred in the past, present, and future as a whole in the temporal dimension, and believe that their ancestors, themselves, and their descendants are a complete continuation [ 91 ]. This is specifically reflected in the “big self” advocated in Chinese culture, which is completely different from the individualism advocated in Western culture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between climate change anxiety and pro-environmental behavior in adolescents: the mediating role of future self-continuity and the moderating role of green self-efficacy

Qin,

Wu,

et al. 2024

BMC Psychol

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Background Climate change is seriously affecting human survival and development, and the anxiety caused by it is becoming increasingly prominent. How to alleviate people’s climate change anxiety, improve the ecological environment, and promote the formation of green lifestyles among people, especially young people, is an important topic that deserves to be explored. This study examined the relationship between climate change anxiety and pro-environmental behaviors and the underlying psychological mechanism in the adolescents. Methods This study explored the crucial role of future self-continuity (FSC) between climate change anxiety (CCA) and pro-environmental behaviors (PEB) in adolescents and examined the moderating role of green self-efficacy (GSE). In this study, a total of 1,851 middle and high school students from five schools were selected for questionnaire survey. Results The results showed that (1) in both middle and high school grades, there was a significant negative correlation between climate change anxiety and pro-environmental behaviors; future self-continuity was significantly positively correlated with pro-environmental behaviors; green self-efficacy was negatively correlated with climate change anxiety and positively correlated with pro-environmental behaviors; (2) climate change anxiety negatively predicted pro-environmental behaviors, and compared with middle school grades, high school grade adolescents’ climate change anxiety was significantly predicted pro-environmental behaviors. Future self-continuity mediated the relationship between climate change anxiety and pro-environmental behaviors in both grades. (3) green self-efficacy moderated the second half of the pathway of the mediation model only in middle grades. Specifically in middle school, future self-continuity did not significantly predict pro-environmental behaviors at low green self-efficacy level, but positively predicted pro-environmental behaviors at high green self-efficacy level. In high school, future self-continuity did not significantly predict pro-environmental behaviors in either high or low green self-efficacy level. Conclusion This study suggests that there is a moderated mediation model between adolescents’ climate change anxiety and pro-environmental behaviors, with different mediating and moderating effects among adolescents in various grades. This is of great significance in alleviating climate anxiety among adolescents and cultivating their pro-environmental behaviors.

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“…Previous research has explored the relationships between the self [32], morality [33], and individual cultural values. However, previous studies on the relationship between cultural values and happiness have typically focused on either PT or PM [34,35] or only measured a single indicator of happiness [36]. However, the happiness of Chinese individuals encompasses not only individual happiness but also relational happiness and societal happiness.…”

Section: How Chinese Cultural Values Affect Happinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Traditionality and Modernity and Happiness: The Different Happiness Levels in Chinese Students

Xu,

Liao,

2024

Behavioral Sciences

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The conceptualization of happiness varies across different cultures. In Chinese culture, happiness includes oneself and hinges on others. Chinese social development has influenced psychological traditionality (PT), psychological modernity (PM), and personal happiness. Our study recruited 450 participants to examine the different happiness levels in Chinese students with diverse PT and PM. The results indicate that individuals scoring higher in PT and PM reported higher life satisfaction. Moreover, individuals scoring higher in PT reported more positive emotions, fewer negative emotions, and greater social well-being, while those scoring higher in PM reported more negative emotions and greater relationship happiness. The happiness of Chinese students comprised individual, relational, and societal levels and happiness at different levels related to Chinese PT and PM. The present study may promote cross-cultural understanding and potentially inform interventions for individual happiness within positive psychology.

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Culture, Aging, Self-Continuity, and Life Satisfaction

Cited by 18 publications

References 73 publications

Motivation and Age Revisited: The Impact of Outcome and Process Orientations on Temporal Focus in Older and Younger Adults

Motivation and Age Revisited: The Impact of Outcome and Process Orientations on Temporal Focus in Older and Younger Adults

The relationship between climate change anxiety and pro-environmental behavior in adolescents: the mediating role of future self-continuity and the moderating role of green self-efficacy

Psychological Traditionality and Modernity and Happiness: The Different Happiness Levels in Chinese Students

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