Culture and Choice: Toward Integrating Cultural Sociology with the Judgment and Decision-Making Sciences

Vaisey, Stephen; Valentino, Lauren

doi:10.31235/osf.io/b7grn

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Over the last few decades in urban sociology, there has been at worst an avoidance and at best an ambivalence about explicitly studying the choices and decisions of low‐income and other marginalized groups (Bruch and Feinberg 2017; Small et al. 2010; Vaisey and Valentino 2010; Wilson 2009). Although scholars like Lee Rainwater, Elliot Liebow, Ulf Hannerz, and others had been writing about the social organization of poor neighborhoods in the 1960s and 1970s, the trajectory of this scholarship changed after the late 1960s, in the wake of the infamously interpreted Moynihan (1965) report on the Black family, and the overly deterministic cultural work of Lewis (1966) and Banfield (1970).…”

Section: Why Are Sociologists Only Recently Studying Residential Decimentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Not Just a Lateral Move”: Residential Decisions and the Reproduction of Urban Inequality

DeLuca

Jang-Trettien

2020

City & Community

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Despite decades of research on residential mobility and neighborhood effects, we know comparatively less about how people sort across geography. In recent years, scholars have been calling for research that considers residential selection as a social stratification process. In this paper, we present findings from work our team has done over the last 17 years to explore how people end up living where they do, relying in large part on systematically sampled in-depth narrative interviews with families. We focus on four key decisions: whether to move; where to move; whether to send children to school in the neighborhood; and whether to rent or own a home. We found that many residential mobility decisions among the poor were "reactive," with unpredictable shocks forcing families out of their homes. As a result of reactive moving, housing search time frames became shorter and poor parents employed short-term survival solutions to secure housing instead of long-term investment thinking about neighborhood and school district quality. These shocks, constraints, and compressed time frames led parents to decouple some dimensions of neighborhoods and schools from the housing search process while maximizing others, like immediacy of shelter, unit quality, and proximity to work and child care. Finally, we found that policies can significantly shape and better support some of these decisions. Combined, our research revealed some of the processes that underlie locational attainment and the intergenerational transmission of neighborhood context. Decades of research have demonstrated that the neighborhoods where children grow up play a significant part in shaping their developmental, social, and economic trajectories. Poor and racially segregated neighborhoods diminish children's health and educational prospects, while more affluent communities can increase long-term social and economic mobility (Acevedo

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Section: Why Are Sociologists Only Recently Studying Residential Decimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We agree with Bruch and Feinberg (2017) that sociologists have not studied decision‐making to the same extent as other fields (cf. Vaisey and Valentino 2010). As we discuss below, we think that there are at least two reasons sociologists have been slow to examine residential decisions.…”

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confidence: 96%

“Not Just a Lateral Move”: Residential Decisions and the Reproduction of Urban Inequality

DeLuca

Jang-Trettien

2020

City & Community

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“…Along the same lines, research on moral dilemmas has been criticized for assuming a degree of controlled cognition that is inconsistent with how people make decisions in everyday life (42)(43)(44). According to dual-process models of cognition, people largely act quickly and effortlessly based on cognitively stored values that are situationally applied and only rarely mediated by deliberative thought (45)(46)(47). In line with this model, sociologists argue that people draw on relationship schemas, or "imagined" relationships, to determine how to act in the face of moral dilemmas (4).…”

Section: Personal Values and Helping Decisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discordant benevolence: How and why people help others in the face of conflicting values

et al. 2022

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What happens when a request for help from friends or family members invokes conflicting values? In answering this question, we integrate and extend two literatures: support provision within social networks and moral decision-making. We examine the willingness of Americans who deem abortion immoral to help a close friend or family member seeking one. Using data from the General Social Survey and 74 in-depth interviews from the National Abortion Attitudes Study, we find that a substantial minority of Americans morally opposed to abortion would enact what we call discordant benevolence: providing help when doing so conflicts with personal values. People negotiate discordant benevolence by discriminating among types of help and by exercising commiseration, exemption, or discretion. This endeavor reveals both how personal values affect social support processes and how the nature of interaction shapes outcomes of moral decision-making.

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“…So, even though new terms can provide new insights, it also the case that too many new termsrather than adaptations of old ones-can make the discipline's theoretical core unwieldly and, ironically, ungenerative (Besbris and Khan 2017). The usage of local language is obviously not a problem in the sciences, and it is by no means unique to sociology, but to the degree that sociologists want to speak across subfields and even to other academic disciplines, it will be useful to settle on common terms (Vaisey and Valentino 2018). Socialization is one such common term.…”

Section: Losing Transferabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Whatever Happened to Socialization?

Guhin¹,

Calarco²,

Miller‐Idriss³

2020

Preprint

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Socialization is a key mechanism of social reproduction. Yet, like the functionalists who introduced the concept, socialization has fallen out of favor, critiqued for ignoring power and agency, for its teleology and incoherence, and for its link to misguided “culture of poverty” arguments. In this review, we argue for renewed, post-functionalist use of socialization. We review the concept’s history, its high point under Parsons, the reasons for its demise, its continued use in some subfields (e.g., gender, race and ethnicity, education), and alternative concepts used to explain social reproduction. We then suggest that something is lost when “socialization” is avoided or isolated in particular subfields. Without socialization, conceptions of social reproduction face problems of history, transferability, and power. We close by outlining a post-functionalist agenda for socialization research, building off sociological work engaging cognitive science, linguistic anthropology, pragmatism, the re-interrogation of values, and the development of ideology in political socialization.

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Culture and Choice: Toward Integrating Cultural Sociology with the Judgment and Decision-Making Sciences

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

“Not Just a Lateral Move”: Residential Decisions and the Reproduction of Urban Inequality

“Not Just a Lateral Move”: Residential Decisions and the Reproduction of Urban Inequality

Discordant benevolence: How and why people help others in the face of conflicting values

Whatever Happened to Socialization?

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