Culture and Sensitivity Patterns of Various Bacteriological Agents among Children Admitted in Pediatric Department

Abstract

The Culture of numerous contaminated fluids of the body are commonly used to determine the aetiology of infection and to help medicine specialists and pediatricians to select the suitable antimicrobial treatment. The objective of this analysis is to govern the culture and sensitivity patterns to bacteriological agents’ grownup in children. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was held at the Paediatric Medicine department of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi, for one-year duration from November 2020 to November 2021. All ≤15-year-old children who met the criteria for sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome were included in the study. Any body fluids or blood were cultivated in the suitable medium as specified. The sensitivity pattern and profile of the cultured microorganisms were recorded and documented in a pre-designed data sheet. SPSS v.22 was applied for data analysis. Results: Of the 300 patients enrolled, 51 (17%) developed multiple organisms in culture and these have been described in more detail. Of these 51 patients with positive culture, 47.1% were male with a M:F ratio of 1.3: 1. Of the 51 patients, 21 (41.2%) were less than one- year old, and 14 (27.5%) were one to five years old, 9 (17.6%) was between 5 and 10 years old and 7 (13.7%) were 10 to 15 years of age. Twenty-three patients (45.1%) showed an increase in microorganisms in the blood smear. Throat swab, tracheal secretions and sputum cultures were positive in 11 patients (21.6%), CSF cultures were positive in 13 (25.5%), and urine cultures in 10 (19.6%), Swabs (ear and skin) cultures were positive in 7 (13.7%) and 3 (5.9%) have positive pleural fluid cultures. The most frequently isolated microorganism is Salmonella spp. (17.6%), Klebsiella spp. (15.7%), Escherichia coli (11.8%), Acinetobacter (9.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (7.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.7%), Streptococcus pyogenes (7.8%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (3.9%) and Enterobacter spp. (7.23%). Conclusions: The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp., E coli and Streptococcus pyogenes. The antibiotics resistance in various cultures is a warning in contradiction of overuse of antibiotics.