Culture and wet smear microscopy in the diagnosis of low-symptomatic vulvovaginal candidosis

Zdolsek, Birgitta; Hellberg, Dan; Fröman, Gunnar; Nilsson, Staffan; Mårdh, Per‐Anders

doi:10.1016/0028-2243(94)01981-c

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Vaginal secretion was also collected for performing amine tests and pH‐measurement. Genital candidosis was defined as a positive candida culture from the vagina and/or findings of blastospores and pseudohyphae at wet smear microscopy as previously described 11 . Bacterial vaginosis was diagnosed in cases fulfilling at least three out of the following four criteria: a grey homogeneous vaginal discharge, clue cells (i.e.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal microbiological flora, and behavioural and clinical findings in women with vulvar pain

Tchoudomirova¹,

Mårdh²,

Hellberg³

2001

BJOG

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Objective To study genital symptoms and signs in women with vulvar pain, and the association with potential risk factors such as microbiological agents, sexual behaviour and genital hygiene. Design Prospective cohort study of apparently healthy women attending for contraceptive advice.Setting Two family planning clinics and one youth clinic in Sweden.Population Out of 996 women recruited, 79 women (7.9%) had, on request, complaints of current burning and smarting vulvar pain and/or super®cial dyspareunia (our de®nition of vulvar pain) while 917 women without such symptoms served as controls.Results Complaints of dysmenorrhoea, vaginal discharge, genito-anal pruritus, dysuria, and abdominal pain were more frequent in the study group, than in the control group. In the women with vulvar pain, erythemas, super®cial ulcerations, and ®ssures were found signi®cantly more frequently. Vaginal candidosis was the only current genital infection that occurred more often in the study group, than among the controls. There were no differences in the history of gonorrhoea, genital chlamydial infection, genital herpes, genital warts, and candidosis between the two groups. The sexual debut of the women with vulvar pain occurred later in life, compared with the control group. Control subjects were more likely to use tampons for menstrual sanitation, than the women with vulvar pain.Conclusions Neither infectious conditions caused by current known agents, with the exception of candidosis in some cases, nor behavioural factors, such as sexual behaviour and genital hygiene habits could in this study explain vulvar pain.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal microbiological flora, and behavioural and clinical findings in women with vulvar pain

Tchoudomirova¹,

Mårdh²,

Hellberg³

2001

BJOG

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“…[4][5][6][7][8][9] N Treatment is clearly indicated for symptomatic women who are microscopy positive and/or those who are culture positive [4][5][6][7][8][9] (evidence level III, recommendation grade B).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulvovaginal candidiasis

White

Vanthuyne

2006

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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“…Zdolsek et al noted that the sensitivity of a positive wet smear in establishing candidiasis was higher than by a positive culture alone. 14 We find it very effective to use self sampled smears to determine presence of Candida. First, the presence or absence of blastospores and (pseudo) hyphae was equally established by all three cytopathologists, independent of each other.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Symptomatic candidiasis: Using self sampled vaginal smears to establish the presence of Candida, lactobacilli, and Gardnerella vaginalis

Engberts

Boon

Haaften

et al. 2007

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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In a prospective cohort study, 10 symptomatic women with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis were taught how to prepare vaginal smears of their own vaginal fluids on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. The 40 smears were stained with the PAS-method and examined by three different cytopathologists for presence of Candida. Thereafter, the smears were restained with Giemsa-stain to determine presence of lactobacilli, Gardnerella vaginalis ("clue cells") and neutrophils. All three cytopathologists unequivocally established Candida blastospores and (pseudo)hyphae in 27 out of the 40 PAS-stained vaginal smears, whereas in the remaining 13 smears Candida was not found. All 10 patients had Candida in their smears during the second half of their menstrual cycle.Self sampled smears prove to be reliable for establishing the presence of Candida in symptomatic patients with candidiasis. Candida is associated with a lactobacillus-predominated vaginal flora, but with the absence of Gardnerella vaginalis. Further studies may be directed towards the interaction between the various members of the vaginal flora. This study should open molecular methodology for determining the possible interactions of lactobacilli and Candida.

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Culture and wet smear microscopy in the diagnosis of low-symptomatic vulvovaginal candidosis

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Vaginal microbiological flora, and behavioural and clinical findings in women with vulvar pain

Vaginal microbiological flora, and behavioural and clinical findings in women with vulvar pain

Vulvovaginal candidiasis

Symptomatic candidiasis: Using self sampled vaginal smears to establish the presence of Candida, lactobacilli, and Gardnerella vaginalis

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