Cultured fish: integrative biology and management of domestication and interactions with wild fish

Abstract

Fish aquaculture for commodity production, fisheries enhancement and conservation is expanding rapidly, with many cultured species undergoing inadvertent or controlled domestication. Cultured fish are frequently released, accidentally and deliberately, into natural environments where they may survive well and impact on wild fish populations through ecological, genetic, and technical interactions. Impacts of fish released accidentally or for fisheries enhancement tend to be negative for the wild populations involved, particularly where wild populations are small, and/or highly adapted to local conditions, and/or declining. Captive breeding and supplementation can play a positive role in restoring threatened populations, but the biology of threatened populations and the potential of culture approaches for conserving them remain poorly understood. Approaches to the management of domestication and cultured-wild fish interactions are often ad hoc, fragmented and poorly informed by current science. We develop an integrative biological framework for understanding and managing domestication and cultured-wild fish interactions. The framework sets out how management practices in culture and for cultured fish in natural environments affect domestication processes, interactions between cultured and wild fish, and outcomes in terms of commodity production, fisheries yield, and conservation. We also develop a typology of management systems (specific combinations of management practices in culture and in natural environments) that are likely to provide positive outcomes for particular management objectives and situations. We close by setting out avenues for further research that will simultaneously improve fish domestication and management of cultured-wild fish interactions and provide key insights into fundamental biology.

Parasitic fauna in hybrid tambacu from fish farms

“…Hybridization has been widely used in aquaculture, because interspecific fish hybrids have desirable quantitative and qualitative traits, including improved growth, harvestability, and environmental tolerance (Pinheiro et al, 1991;Lorenzen et al, 2012).…”

INDUKSI PEMATANGAN GONAD IKAN GURAMI COKELAT (Sphaerichthys osphromenoides Canestrini, 1860) MENGGUNAKAN PREGNANT MARE SERUM GONADOTROPIN DAN ANTIDOPAMIN

“…Dalam lingkungan budidaya, beberapa ikan tidak dapat melangsungkan aktivitas reproduksinya yang disebabkan oleh hilangnya beberapa faktor lingkungan yang berperan dalam menstimulasi perkembangan dan pematangan gonad hingga ovulasi dan pemijahan (Keys & Crocos, 2006;Mylonas et al, 2010;Lorenzen et al, 2012). Beberapa faktor lingkungan seperti suhu, fotoperiode, dan salinitas dapat dimanipulasi, namun membutuhkan biaya yang cukup mahal, terkadang tidak praktis, dan tidak efektif.…”

Genetic variability and performance of Asian swamp eel Monopterus albus (Zuiew, 1793) from West Java cultured in saline water medium

“…Asian swamp eels from Cianjur, Karawang, and Sukabumi showed a close relationship with a genetic variability difference of 2-5%. Genetic variability difference can increase genetic distance among populations influenced by conditions of native habitats of Asian swamp eel populations (Kusmini et al, 2011;Lorenzen et al, 2012). According to Setijaningsih et al (2007), the high or the low value of similarity index is influenced by forming genetic resources, the higher the similarity index indicates an exclusivity or suspected to be a closed population.…”