Cultures of evidence across policy sectors: systematic review of qualitative evidence

Lorenc, Theo; Tyner, Elizabeth; Petticrew, Mark; Duffy, Steven; Martineau, Fred; Phillips, Gemma; Lock, Karen

doi:10.1093/eurpub/cku038

Cited by 85 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This criterion is not only used to support public health decision-making, but also to lend legitimacy to decisions and actions pursued (18). The interpretation of evidence in decision-making is, however, influenced by several factors, such as organizational support, credibility, relevance and applicability in practice, political support and legislative constraints (19). These and other criteria, which stand for equity, efficiency and political context, actually make public Balkan Med J, Vol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criteria for Drug Reimbursement Decision-Making: An Emerging Public Health Challenge in Bulgaria

Искров

Стефанов

2016

Balkan Med J

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Background: During times of fiscal austerity, means of reimbursement decision-making are of particular interest for public health theory and practice. Introduction of advanced health technologies, growing health expenditures and increased public scrutiny over drug reimbursement decisions have pushed governments to consider mechanisms that promote the use of effective health technologies, while constraining costs. Aims: The study's aim was to explore the current rationale of the drug reimbursement decision-making framework in Bulgaria. Our pilot research focused on one particular component of this process -the criteria used -because of the critical role that criteria are known to have in setting budgets and priorities in the field of public health. The analysis pursued two objectives: to identify important criteria relevant to drug reimbursement decision-making and to unveil relationships between theory and practice. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The study was realized through a closedended survey on reimbursement criteria among four major public health stakeholders -medical professionals, patients, health authorities, and industry. Empirical outcomes were then cross-compared with the theoretical framework, as defined by current Bulgarian public health legislation. Analysis outlined what is done and what needs to be done in the field of public health reimbursement decision-making. Results: Bulgarian public health stakeholders agreed on 15 criteria to form a tentative optimal framework for drug reimbursement decision-making. The most apparent gap between the empirically found preferences and the official legislation is the lack of consideration for the strength of evidence in reimbursement decisions. Conclusion: Bulgarian policy makers need to address specific gaps, such as formal consideration for strength of evidence, explicit role of efficiency criteria, and means to effectively empower patient and citizen involvement in public health decision-making. Drug reimbursement criteria have to be integrated into legitimate public health decision support tools that ensure the achievement of national public health objectives. These recommendations could be expanded to all Eastern European countries who share common public health problems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criteria for Drug Reimbursement Decision-Making: An Emerging Public Health Challenge in Bulgaria

Искров

Стефанов

2016

Balkan Med J

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“…Numerous reviews from teams on multiple continents have described the importance and core elements of EBPH (4, 20, 27, 36, 109, 111, 125, 128, 145). Many of the principles of EBPH have their historical precedents in the seminal work of Archie Cochrane, who noted in the early 1970s that many medical treatments lacked scientific effectiveness (41).…”

Section: Why Evidence-based Public Health Mattersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building Capacity for Evidence-Based Public Health: Reconciling the Pulls of Practice and the Push of Research

Brownson

Fielding

Green

2024

Annual Review of Public Health

262

281

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Timely implementation of principles of evidence-based public health (EBPH) is critical for bridging the gap between discovery of new knowledge and application. Public health organizations need sufficient capacity (the availability of resources, structures, and workforce to plan deliver and evaluate the “preventive dose” of an evidence-based intervention) to move science to practice. We review principles of EBPH, the importance of capacity building to advance evidence-based approaches, promising approaches for capacity building, and future areas for research and practice. While there is general agreement on the importance of EBPH, there is less clarity on the definition of evidence, how to find it, and how, when and where to use it. Capacity for EBPH is needed among both individuals and organizations. Capacity can be strengthened via training, use of tools, technical assistance, assessment and feedback, peer networking, and incentives. Modest investments in EBPH capacity-building will foster more effective public health practice.

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“…This paper does not primarily consider the findings of those studies, which are summarised above and set out in more detail elsewhere [30]. We also draw on similar findings about policymakers in non-health fields [35]. We set these data in the context of the wider theoretical literature about evidence and policy, drawing insights from policy sciences.…”

Section: Introduction: the Evidence-based Policy Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

New directions in evidence-based policy research: a critical analysis of the literature

Oliver

Lorenc

Innvær

2014

Health Res Policy Sys

Self Cite

339

358

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Despite 40 years of research into evidence-based policy (EBP) and a continued drive from both policymakers and researchers to increase research uptake in policy, barriers to the use of evidence are persistently identified in the literature. However, it is not clear what explains this persistence – whether they represent real factors, or if they are artefacts of approaches used to study EBP. Based on an updated review, this paper analyses this literature to explain persistent barriers and facilitators. We critically describe the literature in terms of its theoretical underpinnings, definitions of ‘evidence’, methods, and underlying assumptions of research in the field, and aim to illuminate the EBP discourse by comparison with approaches from other fields. Much of the research in this area is theoretically naive, focusing primarily on the uptake of research evidence as opposed to evidence defined more broadly, and privileging academics’ research priorities over those of policymakers. Little empirical data analysing the processes or impact of evidence use in policy is available to inform researchers or decision-makers. EBP research often assumes that policymakers do not use evidence and that more evidence – meaning research evidence – use would benefit policymakers and populations. We argue that these assumptions are unsupported, biasing much of EBP research. The agenda of ‘getting evidence into policy’ has side-lined the empirical description and analysis of how research and policy actually interact in vivo. Rather than asking how research evidence can be made more influential, academics should aim to understand what influences and constitutes policy, and produce more critically and theoretically informed studies of decision-making. We question the main assumptions made by EBP researchers, explore the implications of doing so, and propose new directions for EBP research, and health policy.

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Cultures of evidence across policy sectors: systematic review of qualitative evidence

Cited by 85 publications

References 27 publications

Criteria for Drug Reimbursement Decision-Making: An Emerging Public Health Challenge in Bulgaria

Criteria for Drug Reimbursement Decision-Making: An Emerging Public Health Challenge in Bulgaria

Building Capacity for Evidence-Based Public Health: Reconciling the Pulls of Practice and the Push of Research

New directions in evidence-based policy research: a critical analysis of the literature

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