Cumulative psychosocial factors are associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors and management among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study

Sims, Mario; Glover, LáShauntá M.; Gebreab, Samson Y.; Spruill, Tanya M.

doi:10.1186/s12889-020-08573-0

Cited by 39 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…9 The relationship between psychosocial stress with HTN and CVD is well documented. [11][12][13][14] However, research regarding psychosocial stressors and kidney disease is limited. Suggested mechanisms between psychosocial stressors and kidney disease include increased sympathetic nervous system activity, alternations in the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal axis, and changes in inflammatory cytokines and endothelin-A.…”

Section: Original Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Goal-Striving Stress and Rapid Kidney Function Decline among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

Cain-Shields

Glover

Young

et al. 2021

Journal of Investigative Medicine

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African Americans (AAs) are disproportionately affected by kidney disease and also report higher psychosocial stressors than other racial groups. Goal-striving stress (GSS) is an understudied psychosocial stressor related to attempting to accomplish one’s life goals. Given the numerous social determinants that contribute to health inequities among AAs, stress from goal striving may also disproportionately affect the health of AAs and in particular kidney disease outcomes. The objective of this study was to explore the association between GSS and rapid kidney function decline (RKFD) in an AA cohort. Using examination 1 (2000–2004) and examination 3 (2009–2013) data from the Jackson Heart Study (n=2630), we examined associations of baseline levels of GSS with RKFD among AAs using multivariable Poisson regression models, adjusting for sociodemographics, health behaviors, chronic disease and discrimination. We also explored baseline cortisol as a mediator. The incidence of RKFD in this sample was 7.34% (mean years of follow-up: 8.06±0.84 years). The mean GSS score was 3.80 (±4.88) and total GSS score ranged from 0 to 36. Those who reported high (vs low) GSS were 1.60 times more likely to experience RKFD after full adjustment (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.60; 95% CI 1.11 to 2.14, p=0.01). After confirming cortisol as a mediator and adding it to the model, those who reported high (vs low) GSS had 1.58 times the rate of RKFD (IRR 1.58; 95% CI 1.09 to 2.30, p=0.0153). Stress related to not achieving goals was associated with a greater risk of RKFD in this sample of AAs.

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Section: Original Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Goal-Striving Stress and Rapid Kidney Function Decline among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

Cain-Shields

Glover

Young

et al. 2021

Journal of Investigative Medicine

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“…Chronic exposure to stressful events and psychosocial stress over time has led to accelerated biological deterioration and weathering, which can contribute to an increase risk of CVD development and associated sequelae (Sims et al, 2020). Elevated cortisol levels in response to chronic stress are strongly associated with depressive symptoms (Sims et al, 2020). Persons with severe depressive symptoms are more likely to have CVD (Sims et al, 2020).…”

Section: Depressive Symptoms and Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elevated cortisol levels in response to chronic stress are strongly associated with depressive symptoms (Sims et al, 2020). Persons with severe depressive symptoms are more likely to have CVD (Sims et al, 2020). Black persons in the U.S. are disproportionally affected by CVD (Virani et al, 2020; Yancy, 2020).…”

Section: Depressive Symptoms and Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research indicates natural disasters and pandemics have grave effects on Black communities, resulting in negative physiological and psychological outcomes (Boscarino et al, 2005; Galea et al, 2020; Yancy, 2020). The COVID‐19 pandemic has both created acute and exacerbated chronic stress, specifically among minority populations (Sims et al, 2020; Yancy, 2020). Psychological distress leads to a threefold increase in the number of people reporting new‐onset depression (Ettman et al, 2020).…”

Section: Impact Of Covid‐19 On Anxiety Depression and Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), the politicisation of COVID‐19, and poor access to testing facilities (Poteat et al, 2020; Williams & Cooper, 2020). Due to these structural and social factors, Black people are more likely to develop risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) such as hypertension and diabetes, which are major risk factors for COVID‐19 than any other racial/ethnic groups (Sims et al, 2020). For some Black people, these same structural and social factors, along with lifelong exposure to the chronic stressors of racial discrimination, low socioeconomic status, and prolonged lifetime traumas contribute to underlying psychological traumas and stress manifesting as mental health disorders, including depression (major depressive disorder [MDD]) and anxiety disorders (Novacek et al, 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The intersection of depression, anxiety, and cardiovascular disease among black populations amid the COVID‐19 pandemic

Josiah

Starks

Wilson

et al. 2021

Journal of Clinical Nursing

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Measures of Food Inadequacy and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Black Individuals in the US From the Jackson Heart Study

et al. 2023

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ImportanceFood insecurity disproportionately affects Black individuals in the US. Its association with coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure (HF), and stroke is unclear.ObjectiveTo evaluate the associations of economic food insecurity and proximity with unhealthy food options with risk of incident CHD, HF, and stroke and the role of diet quality and stress.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study was a time-to-event analysis of 3024 Black adult participants in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) without prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD) at visit 1 (2000-2004). Data analysis was conducted from September 1, 2020, to November 30, 2021.ExposuresEconomic food insecurity, defined as receiving food stamps or self-reported not enough money for groceries, and high frequency of unfavorable food stores (&gt;2.5 unfavorable food stores [fast food restaurants, convenience stores] within 1 mile).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcomes were incident CVD including incident CHD, stroke, and HF with preserved ejection fraction and with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). During a median follow-up of 13.8 (IQR, 12.8-14.6) years, the associations of measures of food inadequacy with incident CVD (CHD, stroke, and HF) were assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models.ResultsAmong the 3024 study participants, the mean (SD) age was 54 (12) years, 1987 (66%) were women, 630 (21%) were economically food insecure, and 50% (by definition) had more than 2.5 unfavorable food stores within 1 mile. In analyses adjusted for cardiovascular risk and socioeconomic factors, economic food insecurity was associated with higher risk of incident CHD (hazard ratio [HR], 1.76; 95% CI, 1.06-2.91) and incident HFrEF (HR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.16-3.70), but not stroke. These associations persisted after further adjustment for diet quality and perceived stress. In addition, economic food insecurity was associated with higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and renin concentrations. High frequency of unfavorable food stores was not associated with CHD, HF, or stroke.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cohort study suggest that economic food insecurity, but not proximity to unhealthy food options, was associated with risk of incident CHD and HFrEF independent of socioeconomic factors, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, diet quality, perceived stress, and other health behaviors. Economic food insecurity was also associated with markers of inflammation and neurohormonal activation. Economic food insecurity may be a promising potential target for the prevention of CVD.

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Cumulative psychosocial factors are associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors and management among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study

Cited by 39 publications

References 31 publications

Association between Goal-Striving Stress and Rapid Kidney Function Decline among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

Association between Goal-Striving Stress and Rapid Kidney Function Decline among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

The intersection of depression, anxiety, and cardiovascular disease among black populations amid the COVID‐19 pandemic

Measures of Food Inadequacy and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Black Individuals in the US From the Jackson Heart Study

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