CuO added Pb _0.92 Sr _0.06 Ba _0.02 (Mg _1/3 Nb _2/3 ) _0.25 (Ti _0.53 Zr _0.47 ) _0.7

Abstract

CuO added Pb 0.92 Sr 0.06 Ba 0.02 (Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 ) 0.25 (Ti 0.53 Zr 0.47 ) 0.75 O 3 ceramics were studied to prepare high-quality multilayer piezoelectric actuators with pure Ag electrodes at 900 ∘ C. CuO addition not only reduced the sintering temperature significantly from 1260 ∘ C to 900 ∘ C but also improved the ceramic density to 7.742 g/cm 3 . The 0.7 wt.% CuO added ceramic sintered at 900 ∘ C shows the remnant polarization (P r ) of 40 µC/cm 2 , 0.28% strain at 40 kV/cm, and the piezoelectric coefficient (d 33 ) of 630 pC/N. This ceramic shows a strong relaxor characteristic with a Curie temperature of 200 ∘ C. Furthermore, the 0.7 wt.% CuO added ceramic and pure Ag electrodes were co-fired at 900 ∘ C to prepare a high-quality multilayer piezoelectric actuator with a d 33 of over 450 pC/N per ceramic layer.

High‐temperature multilayer actuators based on CuO added BiScO3–PbTiO3 piezoceramics and Ag electrodes

“…The 0.367BiScO 3 –0.633PbTiO 3 : x CuO with x = 0.1‐0.5wt% (BS‐PT: x CuO) piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by solid‐state reaction, and then the actuators with ceramic slices and Ag electrodes were prepared at 930°C . For BS‐PT: x CuO ceramics, high purity Bi 2 O 3 (99.9%, Aladin, Shanghai), Sc 2 O 3 (99.9%, Aladin, Shanghai), PbO (99.99%, Alfa Aesar, Shanghai), and TiO 2 (99.9%, Aladin, Shanghai) powders were weighed according to the BS‐PT chemical formula and milled for 12 hours.…”

“…Third, the melting point of Ag (~2 USD per gram) is 961°C and most silver glues cannot be sintered over 930°C. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new way to decrease the sintering temperature of BS‐PT and meanwhile keep its excellent piezoelectric properties so that the cost‐effective actuator with BS‐PT slices and Ag electrodes can be sintered at ≤930°C . Recently CuO, LiBiO 2 , Li 2 CO 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 oxides were often added to raw oxide materials to reduce the ceramic sintering temperature recently, and thus BS‐PT and these oxides may be co‐fired at ≤930°C to achieve the high‐quality piezoelectric ceramics and their actuators.…”

Influence of MnO2 on the ferroelectric properties, energy storage efficiency and piezoelectric properties of high-temperature Bi3TaTiO9 ceramics

“…Lead-based (PbZrTiO 3 ) materials have a strong piezoelectric response, but they have a low Curie temperature ( T C ∼ 400 °C), which restricts their use in high-temperature piezoelectric devices. 6–10 Scientists have been driven to use Pb-free materials due to the toxicity of Pb-based compounds, such as BiFeO 3 , 11 Bi 0.5 K 0.5 TiO 3 , 12 BaTiO 3 , 13,14 and Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 . 15 Although Pb-based materials tend to exhibit remarkable ferroelectric and piezoelectric performance in the MPB region.…”

Stable piezoelectric response of 0-3 type CaBi2Nb2O9:xwt%BiFeO3 composites for high-temperature piezoelectric applications

“…The operational temperature range of smart transducers is limited for the sensing capability of the piezoelectric material at elevated temperatures [1][2][3]. Lead-based piezoelectric and ferroelectric oxides such as PbZr 0.52 Ti 0.48 O 3 (PZT) and PbMg 1/3 Nb 2/3 O 3 -PbZr 0.52 Ti 0.48 O 3 has shown large piezoelectric and electromechanical properties at room temperature and are extensively used in sensors and actuators [4][5][6]. Despite its adaptability to a wide range of distinct applications, PZT contains a large portion of the hazardous lead, raising health and environmental concerns.…”