Curcumin and Resveratrol as Promising Natural Remedies with Nanomedicine Approach for the Effective Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Abstract

Researchers have made considerable progress in last few decades in understanding mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of breast cancer, its phenotypes, its molecular and genetic changes, its physiology, and its prognosis. This has allowed us to identify specific targets and design appropriate chemical entities for effective treatment of most breast cancer phenotypes, resulting in increased patient survivability. Unfortunately, these strategies have been largely ineffective in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Hormonal receptors lacking render the conventional breast cancer drugs redundant, forcing scientists to identify novel targets for treatment of TNBC. Two natural compounds, curcumin and resveratrol, have been widely reported to have anticancer properties. In vitro and in vivo studies show promising results, though their effectiveness in clinical settings has been less than satisfactory, owing to their feeble pharmacokinetics. Here we discuss these naturally occurring compounds, their mechanism as anticancer agents, their shortcomings in translational research, and possible methodology to improve their pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics with advanced drug delivery systems.

Therapeutic Applications of Curcumin Nanomedicine Formulations in Cardiovascular Diseases

“…Nanomedicine is bridging the gap between pharmaceutical limitations and the therapeutic potentials of natural phytochemicals by improving the compound's targeting, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and cellular uptake [73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80]. Many studies have focused on CUR nanotechnology mediated drug delivery formulations in optimization the therapeutics uses of CUR for various diseases, such as cancer therapy [81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90], neurodegenerative disorders [91,92], wound healing [93], diabetes [94,95], and inflammatory diseases [96]. A wide variety of nanomedicine-based drug delivery systems are used to deliver CUR such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, solid lipid nanoparticles, dendrosomes, nanogels, micelles, niosomes, cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, silver and gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, nanoemulsions, nanosuspensions, exosomes, nanocrystals, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles.…”

Comparative Insilico Docking Analysis of Curcumin and Resveratrol on Breast Cancer Proteins and their Synergistic Effect on MCF-7 Cell Line

“…Natural drugs curcumin and resveratrol exhibit close similarities in molecular structures and shares the absorption and efflux between them replacing one for the other when used in combination. 3 These drugs exhibit a synergistic anticancer effect in colon cancer, lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma [4][5][6] They found to exert synergism against inflammation. 7 The Synergistic potential of curcumin and resveratrol in declining the active tumour suppressor protein in the lungs of Benzo[a]pyrene treated mice were reported earlier.…”

Reduction of Hepatotoxicity Induced by Doxorubicin

“…Regarding the loading efficiency, it depends mainly on the lipophilicity of RSV and its affinity to the hydrophobic core (PCL). The highest drug loading content of RSV into polymeric nanoparticles was about 20% and the encapsulation efficiency was 90% [75,76]. The cellular uptake of the polymeric nanoparticles occurs by endocytosis, which enhances the drug penetration in cells and demonstrates higher therapeutic efficiency than the obtained with free drug administration.…”

“…A range of encapsulant materials, technologies and formulations have been examined for enhancing the delivery of RSV [74]. Nanoparticles (NP) are an ideal way to deliver drugs because of their high loading efficiency and superior ability to penetrate cell membranes [75]. Regarding the loading efficiency, it depends mainly on the lipophilicity of RSV and its affinity to the hydrophobic core (PCL).…”