Curcumin combined with metformin decreases glycemia and dyslipidemia, and increases paraoxonase activity in diabetic rats

Abstract

Background Combination of current antidiabetic agents with natural antioxidants to manage diabetes mellitus and its complications has appeared as an emerging trend. Curcumin, a yellow pigment isolated from Curcuma longa rhizomes, has gained attention due to its beneficial effects in controlling the disturbances observed in diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to investigate if yoghurt enriched with curcumin and metformin, individually or as mixtures, ameliorates physiometabolic parameters, glycoxidative stress biomarkers, and paraoxonase 1 (PON 1) activity in diabetic rats. Methods Streptozotocin-diabetic rats (6-week-old Wistar rats) were treated for 30 days with curcumin and metformin, isolated or as mixtures in yoghurt (10 rats/group). After treatments, the plasma levels of glucose, triacylglycerol, cholesterol, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS, a biomarker of lipid oxidation), fluorescent advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and the activity of PON 1, an antioxidant enzyme were assessed. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Student–Newman–Keuls test. Results Treatment of diabetic rats with curcumin or metformin alone decreased the plasma levels of glucose, triacylglycerol, cholesterol, TBARS, and fluorescent AGEs, as well as increased the activity of PON 1. The combination of metformin with curcumin further decreased dyslipidemia and TBARS levels in diabetic rats, indicating synergy, and maintained the high levels of PON 1. Conclusion These findings indicated that curcumin combined with metformin may act synergistically on dyslipidemia and oxidative stress, as well as increased PON 1 levels. Therefore, it might be a promising strategy for combating diabetic complications, mainly the cardiovascular events.

Histological and Immunohistochemical Analysis of Green Coffee Aqueous Extract Effect on Parotid Salivary Gland in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Albino Rats

“…In the current study, there is a statistically significant direct correlation between area% of both caspase-3 and inter-acinar space after 2 weeks, this correlation could be explained as they are both sharing the same cause of their presence or absence which is the amount of produced ROS and the amount of oxidative stress produced by hyperglycemia [37] .…”

Toward Regulatory Effects of Curcumin on Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Across Different Diseases: A Review

“…The first experiment related to therapeutic impact of curcumin was published in 1937 ( Zhou et al, 2011 ), and since then, much attention has been directed toward revealing the extraordinary pharmacological activities of curcumin. It has been reported that curcumin has valuable therapeutic and biological activities such as antioxidant ( Kharat et al, 2020 ), anti-inflammatory ( Sneharani, 2019 ), anti-diabetic ( Xia et al, 2020 ), hepatoprotective ( Dogaru et al, 2020 ), cardioprotective ( Hadi et al, 2019 ; Hallajzadeh et al, 2019 ; Kuszewski et al, 2019 ), neuroprotective ( Sturzu et al, 2019 ), anti-microbial ( Rai et al, 2020 ), anti-tumor ( Bahrami et al, 2019 ; Shabaninejad et al, 2020 ; Weng and Goel, 2020 ) and improving dyslipidemia ( Roxo et al, 2019 ) and ischemic-reperfusion ( Ahmed et al, 2019 ). Curcumin possesses great solubility in oil-based solutions.…”

Curcumin: Could This Compound Be Useful in Pregnancy and Pregnancy-Related Complications?

“…A recent promising approach to treat hyperglycemia consists of combining the effects of curcumin and the ongoing antidiabetic agents, as observed in diabetic rats treated with a combination of curcumin and metformin. Specifically, this association improved hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress, increasing the activity of the antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase 1 (PON1), in diabetic rats [ 47 ].…”