Curcumin inhibits Rift Valley fever virus replication in human cells.

Abstract

PAGE 33201:The curcumin nanoparticle binding assay described failed to indicate that 1 ml of chitosan (5 mg/ml stock at pH 5) was combined with PEG, curcumin, and phosphate-buffered saline in the first step and that hydrolyzed tetramethylorthosilicate (TMOS) was used, not trimethoxysilane. This protocol was based on the platform developed by Friedman et al. (Friedman, A. J., Han, G., Navati, M. S., Chacko, M., Gunther, L., Alfieri, A., and Friedman, J. M. (2008) Sustained release nitric oxide releasing nanoparticles: characterization of a novel delivery platform based on nitrite containing hydrogel/glass composites. Nitric Oxide 19,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].

The role of the IKK complex in viral infections

“…In cases of VACV, HSV-1 and KSHV infections viral proteins bind to IKKb to inhibit subsequent phosphorylation of IjBa (Seo et al, 2004;Jin et al, 2011;Ember et al, 2012;Le Negrate, 2012). Interestingly, in RVFV and VEEV infections, viral proteins themselves maybe potentially phosphorylated by IKKb to enhance viral replication and increase pathogenesis (Narayanan et al, 2012;Amaya et al, 2014). We and others have reported that by depleting IKKb in the host cell viral replication is decreased (Gregory et al, 2004;Li et al, 2013;Amaya et al, 2014), which serves as an indicator that this host protein is required for viral replication.…”

“…Rift valley fever virus (RVFV) is a negative sense ssRNA virus that belongs to the family Bunyaviridae. This arbovirus is a select agent and a known agricultural pathogen that infects livestock and humans (LaBeaud et al, 2010;Boshra et al, 2011;Narayanan et al, 2012). We have recently shown that the attenuated strain of RVFV, MP-12, induced phosphorylation of p65 and IjBa via the canonical NF-jB cascade (Narayanan et al, 2012).…”

“…This arbovirus is a select agent and a known agricultural pathogen that infects livestock and humans (LaBeaud et al, 2010;Boshra et al, 2011;Narayanan et al, 2012). We have recently shown that the attenuated strain of RVFV, MP-12, induced phosphorylation of p65 and IjBa via the canonical NF-jB cascade (Narayanan et al, 2012). Size exclusion chromatography of MP-12 infected human small airway epithelial cells revealed a molecular reorganization of the IKKb subunit resulting in the formation of unique lower molecular weight protein complexes that are distinct from the traditional complexes that are known to exist in all cells.…”

“…Inhibitory assays using curcumin, an inhibitor of IKKb, displayed a decrease in RVFV replication. An in vitro kinase assay demonstrated that the virulence factor NSs was indeed phosphorylated by the low molecular weight IKK complex 2 alluding to the possibility that RVFV requires a kinase-active IKK complex for phosphorylation of NSs for efficient viral replication (Narayanan et al, 2012).…”

Trichophyton rubrum is inhibited by free and nanoparticle encapsulated curcumin by the induction of nitrosative stress after photodynamic activation

“…To create curc-np, we modified our previously described sol-gel-based protocol [31,32]. Tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) was hydrolyzed by adding HCl, followed by sonication on ice.…”