Curcumin‐loaded PHB/PLLA nanofibrous scaffold supports osteogenesis in adipose‐derived stem cells in vitro

Abstract

One of the most important goals of bone tissue engineering is to regenerate damaged tissue and improve its function by making three‐dimensional scaffolds. This role becomes more important and efficient when it can release a biologically active factor at the site of the lesion. In the present study, poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate)/poly(l‐lactic acid) nanofibers (PHB/PLLA) and curcumin‐incorporated PHB/PLLA nanofibers (cur‐PHB/PLLA) were fabricated using electrospinning. After morphological and biological characterization, and Curcumin release assessment, the osteogenic differentiation potential of the human adipose–derived stem cells (ADSCs) was investigated with the evaluation of the common osteogenic markers. Fabricated nanofibers were smooth, bead free, and with continuous release of curcumin. The biocompatibility of the fabricated nanofibers was improved while incorporated with curcumin compared to the empty nanofibers. Besides, evaluation of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium content, and osteogenic‐related gene expression revealed that the PHB/PLLA mat can support osteogenic differentiation of the ADSCs more efficiently while incorporated with curcumin. Based on the results, it can be concluded that cur‐PHB/PLLA has promising potential for use in the treatment of the bone lesions and/or bone tissue engineering.

Tunable electrospun scaffolds of polyacrylonitrile loaded with carbon nanotubes: from synthesis to biological applications

“…To determine the macro‐scale mechanical properties of the scaffolds, we performed nanoindentation in liquid phase with a 0.45 N/m probe. In this context, the measured Young's moduli were close to what was reported previously, [18] whereby the Young's Modulus of the nanofibers increased with the concentration of MWCNTs (2.923 kPa without MWCNTs, 12.34 kPa with 0.0015 %MWCNTs and 63.71 kPa with 0.00625 %MWCNTs). No significative differences in stiffness appeared between aligned and non‐aligned fibres measured without MWCNTs: 2.923 kPa for the aligned nanofibers and 1.303 kPa for the non‐aligned (Figure 7).…”

“…[14] Many synthetic polymers have already been used for electrospinning, such as polyvinyl acrylate (PVA), [15] polycaprolactone (PCL), [16] polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), poly (lactic acid) (PLA), or PVDF. [10,12,17,18] However, so far, their usefulness for cell biological studies has been limited by poor biocompatibility. Electrospun fibers scaffolds have often been associated with poor proliferation, increased cytotoxicity due to post-processing and/or chemical residues, and unphysiological mechanical properties.…”

“…They offer better resistance to enzymatic degradation, and to immunogenic reactions [14] . Many synthetic polymers have already been used for electrospinning, such as polyvinyl acrylate (PVA), [15] polycaprolactone (PCL), [16] polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), poly (lactic acid) (PLA), or PVDF [10,12,17,18] . However, so far, their usefulness for cell biological studies has been limited by poor biocompatibility.…”

Recent Advances in Electrospun Fibers for Biological Applications

“…For example, chitosan has antibacterial and hemostatic properties that make it a proper candidate for wound healing. On the other hand, the fibrinogen scaffold presents better mechanical properties and a slow rate of degradation [62].…”

“…Liu et al developed doxorubicin hydrochloride loaded in electrospun PLLA nanofibers systems to treat liver cancer locally and prevent post-surgery metastasis. The drug was entirely diffused from the system [61,62]. Curcumin was incorporated into a PLLA/PHB solution before electrospinning.…”