Curcumin Protects against Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response

Abstract

Objective. The aim of this study was to explore the pharmacological effects of curcumin on oxidative stress and inflammatory response of renal dysfunction induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion (RIRI). Methods. Fifty male SD rats (Sprague Dawley) were randomly divided into the sham group, RIRI group, and curcumin group (low, medium, and high). The RIRI model was established by clipping the left renal artery for 45 min and then reperfusion for 24 h and resection of the contralateral kidney. In the curcumin group, curcumin was intraperitoneally injected once a day for 3 consecutive days using different dosage regimens. The RIRI group was intraperitoneally administered with normal saline. Renal injury was evaluated by measuring the concentration of creatinine (Cr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) in serum. Oxidative stress was assessed by assessing the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH), and iron reduction/antioxidant capacity (FRAP) in tissues. In addition, the protective effect of RIRI was investigated by measuring Paller scores, the level of serum inflammatory factors and caspase-3, and the number of apoptotic cells. Results. Ischemia/reperfusion resulted in increased levels of Cr and BUN in serum and MDA in tissues and decreased levels of SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, and FRAP. Curcumin pretreatment strikingly increased the level of SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, IL-10, IFN-γ, and FRAP and significantly decreased MDA, Cr, BUN, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-6, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) expressions in tissues. Conclusion. Curcumin can relieve the degree of renal injury and improve renal function in ischemia-reperfusion, which may be related to the fact that curcumin can increase SOD content in serum and reduce MDA and FRAP levels in the rat model.

Protective effects of mefunidone on ischemia-reperfusion injury/Folic acid-induced acute kidney injury

“…Mefunidone treatment sharply elevated the expression of these anti-oxidant enzymes. Furthermore, excessive oxidative damage causes not only direct damage but also induces further lipid peroxidation ( Schleicher and Dahmen, 2018 ; Cui et al, 2021 ). Mefunidone also reduced MDA levels as a marker of lipid peroxidation ( Li et al, 2019a ).…”

Curcumin intake during lactation suppresses oxidative stress through upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 in the kidneys of fructose‐loaded female rat offspring exposed to maternal protein restriction

“…In fructose‐fed rats, the antioxidant capacity, represented by SOD activity, GPx activity, and GSH levels were lower (Khatun et al, 2021; Maithili Karpaga Selvi et al, 2014). In contrast, curcumin treatment was reported to increase the decreased levels of GPx and GSH in the kidneys of rats with renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (Cui et al, 2021). Therefore, curcumin intake during lactation may help increase the antioxidant capacity of the kidneys of high‐fructose‐fed adult offspring.…”

Sevoflurane participates in the protection of rat renal ischemia‐reperfusion injury by down‐regulating the expression of TRPM7

“… 23 Renal RIRI is often accompanied by the accumulation of a large number of neutrophils, and the inflammatory factors, chemokines and adhesion molecules produced by the inflammatory response can further activate neutrophils, and chemotaxis make them infiltrate and aggregate. 24 , 25 Inflammatory factors such as TRPM7 can activate immune cells, promote the secretion of IL‐6, and so forth, initiate a cascade reaction, promote the adhesion of vascular endothelial cells and neutrophils, lead to obstruction of vascular permeability, aggravate the inflammatory response, and further aggravate renal injury. Therefore, the expression of TRPM7 indicates the intensity of the inflammatory response in renal tissue.…”