Cure kinetics of bismaleimides as basis for polyimide‐like inks for PolyJet™‐3D‐printing

Abstract

Since polyimides are well known for their excellent chemical and thermal stability and outstanding mechanical properties there is increasing interest in developing polyimide-based inks to produce additively manufactured parts with properties superior to those of currently available materials. Usage of bismaleimides (BMI) as precursors allows polyimides to be fabricated via PolyJet™ printing (Stratasys Ltd., Rehovot, Israel). Characterization of the curing kinetics is a central part of process development, as fast curing initiated by UV light is desired. Here, a comprehensive study of thermal and UV curing of BMI oligomers with various molecular weights and chemical structures is presented. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy serves as a tool for determining the curing degree. Furthermore, an estimation of the activation energy for thermal curing is performed. UV curing of the selected BMIs leads to highly crosslinked, thermoset polymers with excellent chemical resistance and thermal stability which are of great interest for PolyJet™ 3D printing.

Advances in Polyimide‐Based Materials for Space Applications

“…Engineering polymers, especially polyimides with their unique mechanical, thermal, and electrical insulating characteristics, are not commonly used as inks in inkjet AM technology. Our recent studies resulted in a groundbreaking development of low viscosity, high solid content, and environmentally friendly PI‐based ink for PolyJet 3D printing . This innovative ink solution was characterized in terms of viscosity, uniformity, surface tension, safety, and stability.…”

“…a) Viscosity versus temperature of PI‐like ink solutions (60 and 80 wt% solid content) . b) Printed film in a dog‐bone shape.…”

Enhanced dispersion of hydroxyapatite whisker in orthopedics 3D printing resin with improved mechanical performance

“…Particularly in the medical field, 3D printing provides an effective solution for dentures, orthotic and prosthetic components, surgical models, and hearing aids. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Various 3D printing techniques such as vat polymerization-based printing technologies which include stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP) and PolyJet technologies, and powder-based printing technologies which include selective laser sintering (SLS), selective laser melting (SLM), and electron beam melting (EBM) have been developed for different materials and applications. [7][8][9][10] Among these technologies, the vat polymerization printing technologies are the most accurate printing processes with excellent surface finishing, making them the best choice for medical devices printing.…”

“…It has revolutionized manufacturing in many industries such as aerospace, maritime, biomedical, architecture, mechanics, and so on. Particularly in the medical field, 3D printing provides an effective solution for dentures, orthotic and prosthetic components, surgical models, and hearing aids 1–6 . Various 3D printing techniques such as vat polymerization‐based printing technologies which include stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP) and PolyJet technologies, and powder‐based printing technologies which include selective laser sintering (SLS), selective laser melting (SLM), and electron beam melting (EBM) have been developed for different materials and applications 7–10 .…”

Molecular simulation of thermoset curing: application to 3D printing materials

“…[6] Bismaleimide (BMI) resins are a class of high-performance thermosetting polymers that have recently been used in 3D printing. [7][8][9][10] BMI resins have excellent chemical and thermal stability and outstanding mechanical properties, making them attractive for industrial applications. BMI monomers consist of an alkyl or aryl group connecting two maleimide groups that can undergo a range of addition-type chemical reactions, such as ene and Diels-Alder reactions.…”