Curious Case of a Giant Retroperitoneal Cyst

Abstract

Adrenal cysts are uncommon fluid-filled masses that develop in the adrenal gland. Typically, they are non-functional, asymptomatic, and smaller than 10 cm in diameter when incidentally detected. However, the presence of giant adrenal cysts, exceeding 10 cm in diameter, creates a diagnostic challenge due to the difficulty in determining their origin. Surgical intervention is advised when the cyst surpasses 10 cm in diameter, produces symptoms, causes endocrine abnormalities, exhibits intracystic bleeding, or raises suspicion of malignancy. The preferred treatment approach involves adrenalectomy, performed either through open surgery or laparoscopy. In cases where the diagnosis is unequivocal, ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage serves as an alternative. Here, we present an exceptional case of a massive retroperitoneal mass caused by a rare giant adrenal cyst.