Current achievements and future prospects in the genetic breeding of chrysanthemum: a review

Abstract

Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) is a leading flower with applied value worldwide. Developing new chrysanthemum cultivars with novel characteristics such as new flower colors and shapes, plant architectures, flowering times, postharvest quality, and biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in a time- and cost-efficient manner is the ultimate goal for breeders. Various breeding strategies have been employed to improve the aforementioned traits, ranging from conventional techniques, including crossbreeding and mutation breeding, to a series of molecular breeding methods, including transgenic technology, genome editing, and marker-assisted selection (MAS). In addition, the recent extensive advances in high-throughput technologies, especially genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics, which are collectively referred to as omics platforms, have led to the collection of substantial amounts of data. Integration of these omics data with phenotypic information will enable the identification of genes/pathways responsible for important traits. Several attempts have been made to use emerging molecular and omics methods with the aim of accelerating the breeding of chrysanthemum. However, applying the findings of such studies to practical chrysanthemum breeding remains a considerable challenge, primarily due to the high heterozygosity and polyploidy of the species. This review summarizes the recent achievements in conventional and modern molecular breeding methods and emerging omics technologies and discusses their future applications for improving the agronomic and horticultural characteristics of chrysanthemum.

Using of Nano - Selenium in Reducing the Negative Effects of High Temperature Stress on Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.

“…Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) is considered an economically flowering ornamental plant all over the world (Su et al, 2019) and a medicinal plant in China and Japan (Yang et al, 2018). The flowers of chrysanthemum have important biological activities like arylnaphthalene T Under climate change, the escalating in temperature is considered a serious challenge threaten the agricultural production.…”

Pistils may be required for anthocyanin synthesis —— the whole-transcriptome analysis of mutant and normal capitula of Chrysanthemum morifolium

“…The development of RNA-seq technology has greatly improved transcriptomic studies in chrysanthemums [1]. However, the read-length offered by second-generation highthroughput sequencing platforms is much shorter than the typical length of a eukaryotic mRNA.…”

“…Chrysanthemum morifolium is one of the most economically important and popular floricultural crops in Asteraceae, and ranks second in the cut flower trade after rose [1].…”

Small-scale alpine topography at low latitudes and high altitudes: refuge areas of the genus Chrysanthemum and its allies

“…), as one of the most economically important ornamental plants grown worldwide 1 , has been popular among horticulturists and botanists for a long time 2 . Most research on cultivated chrysanthemum has focused on breeding, disease control, regulation of horticultural characteristics, and their molecular mechanisms 3 – 9 . There are relatively few studies on the evolutionary relationships between the genus Chrysanthemum and its wild relatives, especially with regard to biogeography and ecology, for which the origin of chrysanthemums would be useful information.…”