Current and future functional imaging techniques for post-traumatic stress disorder

Prasad, Alisha; Chaichi, Ardalan; Kelley, D. Parker; Francis, Joseph; Gartia, Manas Ranjan

doi:10.1039/c9ra03562a

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 167 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition to the over-activation of the HPA axis, stress-related gene dysfunction increased the susceptibility in response to environmental stress such as the polymorphism of SERT, BDNF, GR, FKBP5, and CRHR1 genes (Ding and Dai 2019). Environmental stress can alter the epigenetics of these genes through different mechanisms such as DNA methylation, chromatin modification, and histone deacetylation, and causes the transcriptional changes of these gene expression, resulting in stress-related disorders (Cheng et al 2018;Prasad et al 2019;Ryan et al 2016). Therefore, under the situation of COVID-19 pandemic, severe environmental stress including psychological stress may cause different psychiatric disorders through the activation of the HPA axis and altered epigenetic modifications of stressrelated genes (as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Psychiatric Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of the Nervous System in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As a severe and highly contagious infectious disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic. Several case reports have demonstrated that the respiratory system is the main target in patients with COVID-19, but the disease is not limited to the respiratory system. Case analysis indicated that the nervous system can be invaded by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and that 36.4% of COVID-19 patients had neurological symptoms. Importantly, the involvement of the CNS may be associated with poor prognosis and disease worsening. Here, we discussed the symptoms and evidence of nervous system involvement (directly and indirectly) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and possible mechanisms. CNS symptoms could be a potential indicator of poor prognosis; therefore, the prevention and treatment of CNS symptoms are also crucial for the recovery of COVID-19 patients.

show abstract

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Psychiatric Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of the Nervous System in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hyper-activation of the HPA axis and dysfunction in the stress-related gene lead to increased exposure to environmental stress [ 15 ]. Environmental stress can alter the epigenetics of SERT, BDNF, GR, FKBP5, and CRHR1 genes via multiple mechanisms and induces transcriptional changes of these gene expressions, resulting in stress-related disorders [ 16 ]. Thus, the extreme stressful environment caused by COVID-19 can lead to an increased psychiatric disorder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms affecting hospitalized and home-isolated COVID-19 patients: a comparative cross-sectional study

Mohamed

Yousef

2021

Middle East Curr Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Coronavirus has affected more than 100 million people. Most of these patients are hospitalized in isolation wards or self-quarantined at home. A significant percentage of COVID-19 patients may experience psychiatric symptoms. This study attempts to assess depressive, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms in home-isolated and hospitalized COVID-19 patients, besides whether the isolation setting affected these symptoms’ presentation. Results The study involved 89 patients with confirmed COVID-19 virus, and the patients were divided into 2 groups: 43 patients in the home-isolated group (group A) and 46 patients in the hospital-isolated group (group B). The majority of subjects were male and married; also, they were highly educated. 30.2% from group A and 47.8% from group B had a medical occupation. There was a statistically significant difference (p= 0.03) between both groups in the presence of chronic disease. There was a statistically significant increase in suicidal thoughts in the home-isolated group (37.2%) (p = 0.008**). We found a statistically significant increase in the abnormal scores of Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale–Depression (HADS–Depression) in the home-isolated group (69.7%) compared to the hospital-isolated group (32.6%) (p <0.001**) which denotes considerable symptoms of depression. Moreover, we found that (32.6%) from the home-isolated group and (39.1%) from the hospital-isolated group had abnormal scores of Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale–Anxiety (HADS–Anxiety) which denotes considerable symptoms of anxiety. Also, we found 66.7% and 87.2% scored positive by the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) in the home-isolated group and hospital-isolated group, respectively. Which was statistically significant (p = 0.02**). On doing a binary logistic regression analysis of HADS and DTS with significantly related independent factors, we revealed that lower education levels and family history of psychiatric disorder were risk factors for abnormal HADS–Anxiety scores in COVID-19 patients. The medical occupation was a protective factor against having abnormal HADS–Depression scores in COVID-19 patients, while home isolation was a risk factor. On the contrary, the medical occupation was a risk factor for scoring positive in DTS in COVID-19 patients. Simultaneously, low levels of education and home isolation were protective factors. Conclusion A significant number of patients diagnosed with the COVID-19 virus develop depressive, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms, whether they were isolated in the hospital or at home; besides, the isolation setting may affect the presenting symptoms.

show abstract

“…Indirect techniques that are sensitive to microvascularderived signals include: (C) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), (D) positron emission tomography (PET), and (F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The spatial and temporal resolutions cited are for commercially available optical, 77,242 NIRS, 89,243 PET, 243 US, 243 MRI, 243,244 and CT 230,243 imaging systems. BF: blood flow, BV: blood volume, MTT: mean transit time, TTP: time to peak, VA: vessel architecture, EV: erythrocyte velocity, BFR: blood flow reserve, StO 2 : oxygen saturation, HbT: total hemoglobin, OEF: oxygen extraction fraction, VSI: vessel size index.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in translational imaging of the microcirculation

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since Johan Christophorous first described nailfold capillaroscopy in 1663 and Giovanni Rasori and Maurice Raynaud studied capillary changes in inflammation and ischemia in the 18th and 19th centuries, 1 interest in the microcirculation has grown significantly.Advances in imaging technologies over the past several decades have enabled clinicians and researchers to visualize and interrogate the microcirculation directly, or measure parameters, traces or indices that reflect the structural and functional status of the microcirculation. Several of these imaging technologies provide quantitative "readouts" that may directly or indirectly be employed as biomarkers. 2,3 Such noninvasive, imaging biomarkers have the potential to improve clinical assessment of the microcirculation and disease diagnosis, and enable long-term monitoring of treatment response. 4

show abstract

Current and future functional imaging techniques for post-traumatic stress disorder

Abstract: Conventional methods of studying posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have proven to be insufficient for diagnosis. We have reviewed clinical and preclinical imaging techniques as well as molecular, cellular, and behavioral indicators for PTSD.

Cited by 21 publications

References 167 publications

Involvement of the Nervous System in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Involvement of the Nervous System in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Depressive, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms affecting hospitalized and home-isolated COVID-19 patients: a comparative cross-sectional study

Advances in translational imaging of the microcirculation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About