Current and Future Percutaneous Strategies for the Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure

Aortic root transposition of a percutaneously placed axillary left ventricular assist device in a patient awaiting heart transplantation

“…As device use expands, the surgical approach for I5.5 has also evolved. E1 Implantation via the AA is safe, feasible, and well-understood. Published literature highlights the benefits of AA placement with minimal calcification and alignment with the ventricular axis.…”

Impella flow pump reinsertion after axillary graft thrombectomy: Technical points in replacing axillary Impella

“…Over the last two decades, heart failure has increased in prevalence due to improved patient survival after myocardial infarction, and the aging population. 1 While inotropes are considered the first line of treatment for acute cardiogenic shock, in more severe cases, a form of temporary mechanical support (TMCS) is needed to provide a bridge to more durable ventricular assist devices (VADs) or transplantation. 2 The Impella ® has gained popularity in recent years as a less invasive temporary VAD.…”

The sheep as a pre-clinical model for testing intra-aortic percutaneous mechanical circulatory support devices

“…Over the past years, several percutaneous Mechanical Circulatory Support systems (pMCS) aiming to improve left ventricular (LV) systolic function and cardiac output (CO) have been developed and clinically implemented. 1 , 2 Currently available devices can generally be assigned to one of three categories: rotary (blood) pumps, centrifugal continuous pumps and axial flow pumps. 1 The latter category comprises of a small variety of devices that are catheter-mounted and are introduced via the femoral artery and either placed in the left ventricle across the aortic valve (intraventricular) or in the mid-thoracic descending aorta (intra-aortic) at the level of the diaphragmatic wall.…”

“… 1 , 2 Currently available devices can generally be assigned to one of three categories: rotary (blood) pumps, centrifugal continuous pumps and axial flow pumps. 1 The latter category comprises of a small variety of devices that are catheter-mounted and are introduced via the femoral artery and either placed in the left ventricle across the aortic valve (intraventricular) or in the mid-thoracic descending aorta (intra-aortic) at the level of the diaphragmatic wall. By pumping the blood from the ventricle into the systemic circulation or by ante grade acceleration of the blood flow in the aorta respectively, they assist LV function in a heart-rhythm independent manner.…”