Current Anticoagulation Drugs and Mechanisms of Action

Ibrahim, Tarik F.; Maxwell, Sean; Iqbal, Omer

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27327-3_3

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…VKAs are indicated for the long-term prevention of arterial and venous thromboembolic disorders [39]. Antagonizing the vitamin K, VKAs inhibit the formation of clotting factors dependent on vitamin K, such as factor II (FII), factor VII (FVII), factor IX (FIX), factor X (FX), and proteins C and S [40]. After oral administration, VKAs are rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; they show high bioavailability and reach the plasma concentration peak within a few hours.…”

Section: Vitamin K Antagonists (Vkas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applied Nanotechnologies in Anticoagulant Therapy: From Anticoagulants to Coagulation Test Performance of Drug Delivery Systems

et al. 2021

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Heparin-based delivery systems have been explored to improve their therapeutic efficacy and to reduce toxicity for different administration routes. Regardless of the applied drug delivery system (DDS), the evaluation of anticoagulant performance is instrumental for the development of a suitable DDS. The understanding of the range of anticoagulant assays, together with their key applications and limitations, is essential both within the context of scientific research and for clinical usage. This review provides an overview of the current anticoagulant therapy and discusses the advantages and limitations of currently available anticoagulant assays. We also discuss studies involving low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)-based nanocarriers with emphasis on their anticoagulation performance. Conventional anticoagulants have been used for decades for the treatment of many diseases. Direct oral anticoagulants have overcome some limitations of heparins and vitamin K antagonists. However, the lack of an accurate laboratory assessment, as well as the lack of a factor “xaban” (Xa) inhibitor reversal agent, remains a major problem associated with these anticoagulants. LMWHs represent anticoagulant agents with noteworthy efficacy and safety, and they have been explored to improve their outcomes with various nanocarriers through several administration routes. The main problems related to LMWHs have been surmounted, and improved efficiency may be achieved through the use of DDSs.

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Section: Vitamin K Antagonists (Vkas)mentioning

confidence: 99%