Current applications of graphene oxide in nanomedicine

Wu, Siying; An, Seong Soo A.; Hulme, John

doi:10.2147/ijn.s88285

Cited by 76 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 172 publications

(159 reference statements)

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“…17 Graphene oxide (GO) is an oxygen-containing derivative of graphene, which is a new kind of two-dimensional carbon nanomaterial. 18 Due to the large number of oxygen-containing active functional groups on its surface, such as carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, it is easy to perform the biomaterial functionalized modification by GO, so GO has good application prospects in the biomedical field. [19][20][21] Kim et al 22 synthesized GO/calcium carbonate composites that showed good cellular biocompatibility with osteoblasts and promoted the osteogenic activity of materials in vitro.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Involvement of FAK/P38 Signaling Pathways in Mediating the Enhanced Osteogenesis Induced by Nano-Graphene Oxide Modification on Titanium Implant Surface</p>

Li¹,

Wang²

2020

IJN

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Background: Titanium implants are widely used in dental and orthopedic medicine. Nevertheless, there is limited osteoinductive capability of titanium leading to a poor or delayed osseointegration, which might cause the failure of the implant therapy. Therefore, appropriate modification on the titanium surface for promoting osseointegration of existing implants is still pursued. Purpose: Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising candidate to perform implant surface biofunctionalization for modulating the interactions between implant surface and cells. So the objective of this study was to fabricate a bioactive GO-modified titanium implant surface with excellent osteoinductive potential and further investigate the underlying biological mechanisms. Materials and Methods: The large particle sandblasting and acid etching (SLA, commonly used in clinical practice) surface as a control group was first developed and then the nano-GO was deposited on the SLA surface via an ultrasonic atomization spraying technique to create the SLA/GO group. Their effects on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) responsive behaviors were assessed in vitro, and the underlying biological mechanisms were further systematically investigated. Moreover, the osteogenesis performance in vivo was also evaluated. Results: The results showed that GO coating was fabricated on the titanium substrates successfully, which endowed SLA surface with the improved hydrophilicity and protein adsorption capacity. Compared with the SLA surface, the GO-modified surface favored cell adhesion and spreading, and significantly improved cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. Furthermore, the FAK/P38 signaling pathways were proven to be involved in the enhanced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, accompanied by the upregulated expression of focal adhesion (vinculin) on the GO coated surface. The enhanced bone regeneration ability of GO-modified implants when inserted into rat femurs was also observed and confirmed that the GO coating induced accelerated osseointegration and osteogenesis in vivo. Conclusion: GO modification on titanium implant surface has potential applications for achieving rapid bone-implant integration through the mediation of FAK/P38 signaling pathways.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Involvement of FAK/P38 Signaling Pathways in Mediating the Enhanced Osteogenesis Induced by Nano-Graphene Oxide Modification on Titanium Implant Surface</p>

Li¹,

Wang²

2020

IJN

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“…Recent studies have demonstrated that BP nanosheets, particularly those with a small size, have a relatively high reactivity with water and oxygen and are easily degradable in aqueous media 40 , 49 , 50 . Other 2D materials are not readily degradable and may accumulate inside the human body, which can cause cytotoxicity, and therefore require functionalization with other materials (e.g., polyethylene glycol (PEG), chitosan or glutathione) to enable effective body clearance when they are used for in vivo applications 51 , 52 . In short, BP exhibits a wide range of tunable bandgap, high carrier mobility, high ON-OFF current ratio, ambipolar characteristic, good biocompatibility, and in vivo biodegradability, indicating its greater potential in biomedical applications, including biosensing (optical, FET and gas sensing), photoacoustic imaging, photodynamic and photothermal therapy, and drug delivery over other 2D materials.…”

Section: Fundamental Properties Of Black Phosphorus For Biomedical Apmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Phosphorus and its Biomedical Applications

et al. 2018

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Black phosphorus (BP), also known as phosphorene, has attracted recent scientific attention since its first successful exfoliation in 2014 owing to its unique structure and properties. In particular, its exceptional attributes, such as the excellent optical and mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and electron-transfer capacity, contribute to its increasing demand as an alternative to graphene-based materials in biomedical applications. Although the outlook of this material seems promising, its practical applications are still highly challenging. In this review article, we discuss the unique properties of BP, which make it a potential platform for biomedical applications compared to other 2D materials, including graphene, molybdenum disulphide (MoS2), tungsten diselenide (WSe2) and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). We then introduce various synthesis methods of BP and review its latest progress in biomedical applications, such as biosensing, drug delivery, photoacoustic imaging and cancer therapies (i.e., photothermal and photodynamic therapies). Lastly, the existing challenges and future perspective of BP in biomedical applications are briefly discussed.

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“…They are already employed in several applications, including neural network regeneration, cancer therapy, and stem cell tissue regeneration. 79 GO sheets were incubated with the plasma of patients with seven different diseases: thalassemia (major and minor), blood cancer, diabetes, fauvism, rheumatism, and hypercholesterolemia. The plasma from pregnant women in the same gestation period and of similar age was also used to create a PPC on GO sheets.…”

Section: Disease-induced Nanotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized protein corona on nanoparticles and its clinical implications

et al. 2017

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It is now well understood that once in contact with biological fluids, nanoscale objects lose their original identity and acquire a new biological character, referred to as a protein corona. The protein corona changes many of the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles, including size, surface charge, and aggregation state. These changes, in turn, affect the biological fate of nanoparticles, including their pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and therapeutic efficacy. It is progressively being accepted that even slight variations in the composition of a protein source (e.g., plasma and serum) can substantially change the composition of the corona formed on the surface of the exact same nanoparticles. Recently it has been shown that the protein corona is strongly affected by the patient’s specific disease. Therefore, the same nanomaterial incubated with plasma proteins of patients with different pathologies adsorb protein coronas with different compositions, giving rise to the concept of personalized protein corona. Herein, we review this concept along with recent advances on the topic, with a particular focus on clinical relevance.

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Current applications of graphene oxide in nanomedicine

Cited by 76 publications

References 172 publications

<p>Involvement of FAK/P38 Signaling Pathways in Mediating the Enhanced Osteogenesis Induced by Nano-Graphene Oxide Modification on Titanium Implant Surface</p>

<p>Involvement of FAK/P38 Signaling Pathways in Mediating the Enhanced Osteogenesis Induced by Nano-Graphene Oxide Modification on Titanium Implant Surface</p>

Black Phosphorus and its Biomedical Applications

Personalized protein corona on nanoparticles and its clinical implications

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