Current approaches in glioblastoma multiforme immunotherapy

Aghajani, Marjan; Jalilzadeh, Nazila; Aghebati-Maleki, Ali; Yari, Amirhossein; Tabnak, Peyman; Mardi, Amirhossein; Saeedi, Hossein; Aghebati-Maleki, Leili; Baradaran, Behzad

doi:10.1007/s12094-024-03395-7

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 211 publications

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“…fMRI, pioneered in the 1990s by Seiji Ogawa and Kenneth Kwong, tracks brain activity via blood flow and oxygen levels, known as blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) imaging [ 20 , 21 ]. Active brain areas display increased oxygen consumption and blood flow, appearing brighter on fMRI scans [ 22 ].…”

Section: Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revolutionizing Brain Tumor Care: Emerging Technologies and Strategies

Nguyen,

Greene,

Mnatsakanyan

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive forms of brain tumor, characterized by a daunting prognosis with a life expectancy hovering around 12–16 months. Despite a century of relentless research, only a select few drugs have received approval for brain tumor treatment, largely due to the formidable barrier posed by the blood–brain barrier. The current standard of care involves a multifaceted approach combining surgery, irradiation, and chemotherapy. However, recurrence often occurs within months despite these interventions. The formidable challenges of drug delivery to the brain and overcoming therapeutic resistance have become focal points in the treatment of brain tumors and are deemed essential to overcoming tumor recurrence. In recent years, a promising wave of advanced treatments has emerged, offering a glimpse of hope to overcome the limitations of existing therapies. This review aims to highlight cutting-edge technologies in the current and ongoing stages of development, providing patients with valuable insights to guide their choices in brain tumor treatment.

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Section: Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, most gene therapies directed at GBM are still in the clinical trial phase [ 21 ]. The primary tumor-specific antigen in gliomas is a mutated form of EGFR, EGFRvIII, which is found in about 30% of malignant glioma cases.…”

Section: Gene and Cell Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Revolutionizing Brain Tumor Care: Emerging Technologies and Strategies

Nguyen,

Greene,

Mnatsakanyan

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Role of SEL1L in the progression of solid tumors, with a special focus on its recent therapeutic potential

Darmadi,

Saleh,

Oghenemaro

et al. 2024

Cell Biology International

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Since suppressor/enhancer of Lin‐12‐like (SEL1L) was cloned in 1997, various pieces of evidence from lower species suggest it plays a significant role in protein degradation via the ubiquitin‐proteasome system. The relevance of SEL1L in many aspects of malignant transformation and tumorigenic events has been the subject of research, which has shown compelling in vitro and in vivo findings relating its altered expression to changes in tumor aggressiveness. The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) in tumor cells is crucial for preserving cellular proteostasis by inducing the unfolded protein response (UPR), a stress response. A crucial component of the UPR is ER‐associated degradation (ERAD), which guards against ER stress‐induced apoptosis and the removal of unfolded or misfolded proteins by the ubiquitin‐proteasome system. As a protein stabilizer of HMG‐CoA reductase degradation protein 1 (HRD1), one of the main components of ERAD, SEL1L plays an important role in ER homeostasis. Notably, the expression levels of these two proteins fluctuate independently in various cancer types, yet changes in their expression affect the levels of other associated proteins during cancer pathogenesis. Recent studies have also outlined the function of SEL1L in cancer medication resistance. This review explores the value of targeting SEL1L as a novel treatment approach for cancer, focusing on the molecular processes of SEL1L and its involvement in cancer etiology.

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Unveiling the significance of cancer-testis antigens and their implications for immunotherapy in glioma

Zhuo,

Yang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Discov Onc

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Glioma has a poor prognosis, which is attributable to its inherent characteristics and lack of specific treatments. Immunotherapy plays a pivotal role in the contemporary management of malignancies. Despite the initiation of numerous immunotherapy-based clinical trials, their effects on enhancing glioma prognosis remain limited, highlighting the need for innovative and effective therapeutic targets and strategies to address this challenge. Since the 1990s, there has been a growing interest in cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) present in normal mammalian testicular germ cells and placental trophoblast cells, which exhibit reactivated expression in various tumor types. Mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modification, transcriptional regulation, and alternative splicing influence the expression of CTAs in tumors. The distinct expression patterns and robust immunogenicity of CTAs are promising tumor biomarkers and optimal targets for immunotherapy. Previous reports have shown that multiple CTAs are present in gliomas and are closely related to prognosis. The expression of these antigens is also associated with the immune response in gliomas and the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Significantly, numerous clinical trials, with IL13RA2 as a representative CTA member, have assessed the immunotherapeutic potential of gliomas and have shown favorable clinical efficacy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the regulation and function of CTAs, summarizes their expression and role in gliomas, emphasizes their importance as immunotherapy targets in gliomas, and discusses related challenges and future interventions.

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Current approaches in glioblastoma multiforme immunotherapy

Cited by 6 publications

References 211 publications

Revolutionizing Brain Tumor Care: Emerging Technologies and Strategies

Revolutionizing Brain Tumor Care: Emerging Technologies and Strategies

Role of SEL1L in the progression of solid tumors, with a special focus on its recent therapeutic potential

Unveiling the significance of cancer-testis antigens and their implications for immunotherapy in glioma

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