Current cannabis use and age of psychosis onset: A gender-mediated relationship? Results from an 8-year FEP incidence study in Bologna

Allegri, Fabio; Murri, Martino Belvederi; Paparelli, Alessandra; Marcacci, Thomas; Braca, Mauro; Menchetti, Marco; Michetti, R.; Berardi, Domenico; Tarricone, Ilaria

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.06.010

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Men have been shown to have an earlier onset of schizophrenia than women [167, 168], and age of onset of in cannabis users is shown to be earlier than non-users [168, 169]. Though cannabis use was shown to be more prevalent among men with schizophrenia relative to women [170], female cannabis users are reported to be at higher risk of early onset of psychosis compared to male users [171]. Possible genetic factors involved in gender-specific differences in age of psychosis onset have been reported [167, 172].…”

Section: Sex Differences In Cannabis Use Comorbidity With Psychiatricmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms Underlying Sex Differences in Cannabis Use

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of the Review Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit substance worldwide. In recent decades, highly concentrated products have flooded the market, and prevalence rates have increased. Gender differences exist in cannabis use, as men have higher prevalence of both cannabis use and cannabis use disorder (CUD), while women progress more rapidly from first use to CUD. This paper reviews findings from preclinical and human studies examining the sex-specific neurobiological underpinnings of cannabis use and CUD, and associations with psychiatric symptoms. Recent Findings Sex differences exist in the endocannabinoid system, in cannabis exposure effects on brain structure and function, and in the co-occurrence of cannabis use with symptoms of anxiety, depression and schizophrenia. In female cannabis users, anxiety symptoms correlate with larger amygdala volume and social anxiety disorder symptoms correlate with CUD symptoms. Female cannabis users are reported to be especially vulnerable to earlier onset of schizophrenia, and mixed trends emerge in the correlation of depressive symptoms with cannabis exposure in females and males. Summary As prevalence of cannabis use may continue to increase given the shifting policy landscape regarding marijuana laws, understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of cannabis exposure in females and males is key. Examining these mechanisms may help inform future research on sex-specific pharmacological and behavioral interventions for women and men with high-risk cannabis use, comorbid psychiatric disease, and CUD.

show abstract

Section: Sex Differences In Cannabis Use Comorbidity With Psychiatricmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms Underlying Sex Differences in Cannabis Use

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several studies show that cannabis use occurs prior to onset of psychosis [79–81] and is associated with earlier onset of illness[82–86]. There is evidence, however, that other factors influence this earlier onset[87], including age of cannabis use[88], gender[88, 89] and genetic risk factors[90]. A recent meta-analysis concluded that cannabis use is associated with earlier onset of approximately 3 years with the interval between age of onset of cannabis use and onset of psychosis to be about 6 years[91].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is some suggestion that anxiety disorders predict later cannabis use[178] and that females may have an increased vulnerability[139]. Conversely, one prospective 15 year study reported that adolescent cannabis use [89, 187] was associated with an increase in anxiety at age 29 even if they had ceased using cannabis. This association was higher in those with a history of daily adolescent cannabis use[4].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis and development of dual diagnoses: A literature review

Hanna

Perez

Ghose

2016

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The use of cannabis has garnered more attention recently with ongoing efforts at marijuana legalization. The consequences of cannabis use are not clearly understood and remain a concern. Objectives to review the acute and persistent effects of cannabis use and associations with psychiatric disorders Methods Using Pubmed and PsychInfo, we conducted a narrative review of the literature on cannabis and psychiatric comorbidity using the keywords cannab*, marijuana, schizo*, psychosis, mood, depression, mania, bipolar and anxiety. Results There is substantial evidence of cannabis use leading to other illicit drug use and of an association between cannabis use and psychosis. A few reports suggest an association with bipolar disorder while the association with depression and anxiety disorders is mixed. Conclusions Whenever an association is observed between cannabis use and psychiatric disorders, the relationship is generally an adverse one. Age at the time of cannabis use appears to be an important factor with stronger associations observed between adolescent onset cannabis use and later onset of psychiatric disorders. Additional studies taking into account potential con-founds (such as withdrawal symptoms, periods of abstinence and other substance use) and moderators (such as age of initiation of cannabis use, amount and frequency of drug use, prior history of childhood maltreatment and gender) are needed to better under-stand the psychiatric consequences of cannabis use.

show abstract

“…Furthermore, in a 2012 study by Galvez-Buccollini, a significant interaction between age at the initiation of cannabis use and age of onset of psychosis was found (β = 0.4, 95% CI 0.1-0.7, P = 0.008) [86]. Allegri and colleagues demonstrated, in 2013, that users of only cannabis experienced psychotic symptoms 6.2 years earlier than individuals who did not use any drugs (24.2 ± 5.0 vs. 32.9 ± 9.8 years; t(1) = 4.26; P < 0.001) [87]. In addition, in subjects with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD), age at the initiation of cannabis use and age at the onset of psychosis were significantly linearly associated after adjusting for confounders (F(11,984) = 13.77, P < 0.001) [88].…”

Section: Cannabis Use and The Age Of Onset Of Psychosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Moderating the Association between Cannabis Use and Psychosis Risk: A Systematic Review

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increasing evidence indicates a relationship between cannabis use and psychosis risk. Specific factors, such as determinants of cannabis use or the genetic profile of cannabis users, appear to moderate this association. The present systematic review presents a detailed and up-to-date literature overview on factors that influence the relationship between cannabis use and psychosis risk. A systematic search was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines in MEDLINE and Embase, and 56 studies were included. The results show that, in particular, frequent cannabis use, especially daily use, and the consumption of high-potency cannabis are associated with a higher risk of developing psychosis. Moreover, several genotypes moderate the impact of cannabis use on psychosis risk, particularly those involved in the dopamine function, such as AKT1. Finally, cannabis use is associated with an earlier psychosis onset and increased risk of transition in individuals at a clinical high risk of psychosis. These findings indicate that changing cannabis use behavior could be a harm reduction strategy employed to lower the risk of developing psychosis. Future research should aim to further develop specific biomarkers and genetic profiles for psychosis, thereby contributing to the identification of individuals at the highest risk of developing a psychotic disorder.

show abstract

Current cannabis use and age of psychosis onset: A gender-mediated relationship? Results from an 8-year FEP incidence study in Bologna

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

Mechanisms Underlying Sex Differences in Cannabis Use

Mechanisms Underlying Sex Differences in Cannabis Use

Cannabis and development of dual diagnoses: A literature review

Factors Moderating the Association between Cannabis Use and Psychosis Risk: A Systematic Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About