Current concepts and recent updates in the treatment of ocular surface squamous neoplasia

Gurnani, Bharat; Kaur, Kirandeep

doi:10.1080/17469899.2023.2267763

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The impression cytology was positive in 83% of the patients, similar to what has been previously reported in other studies [43]. Using a biopore membrane for sampling, a correlation of 80% has been found between the diagnostic impression cytology and the histopathological specimens obtained by incisional biopsy [44,45]. Similarly, during the follow-up, new cytology was performed when evaluating the clinical resolution.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Safety and efficacy of topical interferon alpha 2B and mitomycin C for localized conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia: long-term report of their pharmacological safety and efficacy

Alvarado-Castillo,

Santa Cruz-Pavlovich,

Gonzalez-Castillo

et al. 2023

BMC Ophthalmol

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Purpose Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) comprises a wide spectrum of squamous tumors, from which corneal/conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is the most common one. The classic treatment is complete excision, but recurrence rates are high. Antineoplastic drugs such as mitomycin C (MMC) and interferon alpha 2b (IFNα2b) have been used as adjuvants or as primary treatment. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical IFNα2b and MMC in patients with CIN, a phase IIb double-blind clinical trial was performed. Methods Patients diagnosed with localized CIN were evaluated by slit lamp and impression cytology and were randomly given MMC 0.04% or INF2b (1 million IU/mL) 4 times daily until neoplasia resolution. Time of resolution and frequency of adverse effects were analyzed to determine the pharmacological efficacy and safety of both medications. Results Seventeen patients were included. Nine patients were treated with MMC and 8 with IFNα2b. All patients responded to treatment. The resolution time in days was 59.11 ± 24.02 in patients treated with MMC and 143.50 ± 47.181 in those treated with IFNα2b (p < 0.001). In the MMC group, one recurrence was reported (11%). There were no recurrences at 2 years of follow-up in the IFNα2b group. Regarding adverse effects, one or more mild adverse reaction occurred in 77% of patients managed with MMC and in 50% of patients managed with IFNα2b (p > 0.05). No serious adverse effects were reported. Conclusions Topical chemotherapy with MMC and IFNα2b demonstrate pharmacological safety and efficacy. Therefore, these drugs could be considered as primary therapies for localized CIN .

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Safety and efficacy of topical interferon alpha 2B and mitomycin C for localized conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia: long-term report of their pharmacological safety and efficacy

Alvarado-Castillo,

Santa Cruz-Pavlovich,

Gonzalez-Castillo

et al. 2023

BMC Ophthalmol

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“…Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) includes preinvasive and invasive squamous cancers affecting the ocular surface (1,2). If left untreated, OSSN can lead to severe complications, including loss of vision, disfigurement following disease progression or surgical treatment, loss of an eye, metastasis, or death (1,2). Currently, topical 5-fluorouracil or Mitomycin C, with or without surgical excision, is used to treat OSSN in its early stages (1,3,4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yes-associated protein-1 overexpression in ocular surface squamous neoplasia; a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target

et al. 2023

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Yes-associated protein-1 (YAP-1) is a Hippo system transcription factor, which serves as an oncogene in squamous cell carcinoma, and several solid tumors when the Hippo pathway is dysregulated. Yet, the activity of YAP-1 in ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) has not been determined. Here, we investigate the relationship between YAP-1 overexpression and OSSN. Using a cross-sectional study design, we recruited 227 OSSN patients from the University Teaching Hospitals in Lusaka, Zambia. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess YAP-1 protein overexpression in tumor tissue relative to surrounding benign squamous epithelium. OSSN patient samples (preinvasive, n = 62, 27% and invasive, n = 165, 73%) were studied. One hundred forty-nine invasive tumors contained adjacent preinvasive tissue, bringing the total number of preinvasive lesions examined to 211 (62 + 149). There was adjacent benign squamous epithelium in 50.2% (114/227) of OSSN samples. Nuclear YAP- 1 was significantly overexpressed in preinvasive (Fisher’s (F): p <.0001, Monte Carlo (MC): p <.0001) and invasive (F: p <.0001, MC: p <.0001) OSSN in comparison to adjacent benign squamous epithelium when analyzed for basal keratinocyte positive count, staining intensity, expression pattern, and Immunostaining intensity-distribution index. YAP-1 expression did not differ between preinvasive and invasive OSSN (p >.05), keratinizing and non- keratinizing cancer (p >.05), or between T1/T2 and T3/T4 stages in invasive tumors (p >.05). However, grade 2 and 3 tumors had significantly stronger nucleus YAP-1 overexpression intensity than grade 1 tumors (F: p = .0078, MC: p = .0489). By immunohistochemistry, we identified significant overexpression (upregulation of YAP-1 protein expression) in preinvasive and invasive OSSN lesions compared to neighboring benign squamous epithelium. YAP-1 expression was significantly higher in poorly and moderately differentiated invasive squamous cancer than in well-differentiated carcinomas. Overexpression of YAP-1 within the margin of preinvasive and invasive OSSN, but not in the neighboring normal epithelium, indicates that it plays a role in the development and progression of OSSN.

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Evolving paradigms in ocular surface squamous neoplasia management: A shift toward topical pharmacotherapy

Gurnani,

Kaur

2023

Odisha Journal of Ophthalmology

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Current concepts and recent updates in the treatment of ocular surface squamous neoplasia

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Safety and efficacy of topical interferon alpha 2B and mitomycin C for localized conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia: long-term report of their pharmacological safety and efficacy

Safety and efficacy of topical interferon alpha 2B and mitomycin C for localized conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia: long-term report of their pharmacological safety and efficacy

Yes-associated protein-1 overexpression in ocular surface squamous neoplasia; a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target

Evolving paradigms in ocular surface squamous neoplasia management: A shift toward topical pharmacotherapy

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