Current Concepts in Antifungal Pharmacology

Optimizing antifungal choice and administration

“…Neither echinocandins nor other triazoles are active against any of these species 5,7,8 . Cryptococcus neoformans is susceptible to polyenes, 5FC, all the triazoles, but not echinocandins 1,5,7,8,24,26 . The fungi that cause histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis exhibit in vitro susceptibility to polyenes and all triazoles 1,7,8 .…”

“…C. albicans and C. tropicalis are susceptible to all agents, but triazoles show minimal or variable activity against C. glabrata, and echinocandins exhibit the greatest activity 1,5,7,8 . Both polyenes and (particularly) echinocandins are active against C. krusei, while only voriconazole and to a lesser extent posaconazole exhibit reasonable activity 1,5,[7][8][9] . Polyenes and triazoles demonstrate good activity for C. parapsilosis, while echinocandins are less active against this pathogen.…”

“…Most Mucor spp. or Zygomycetes are susceptible to posaconazole, but not to echinocandins, voriconazole, or other azoles; polyenes exhibit variable activity against these pathogens 1,5,7,8,25 . For Fusarium spp.…”

“…5-fluorocytosine (5FC, also known as flucytosine), a pyrimidine analog 1,2 . Additional agents are in development 3,4 .…”

Novel lecithin-integrated liquid crystalline nanogels for enhanced cutaneous targeting of terconazole: development, in vitro and in vivo studies

“…7,10 Moreover, many newer antifungal agents have limitations in terms of their spectrum of activity, pharmacokinetics, and drug-drug interactions besides their uncommon toxicities related to their long-term use. 11 Therefore, looking for preexisting antifungals that have not been investigated yet for cutaneous candidiasis may arise as a possible surrogate to overcome the drawbacks of azoles and other new antifungal agents. Thus, the first scope of our study was to investigate an old synthetic Dovepress Dovepress 5532 elnaggar et al triazole vaginal antifungal known as terconazole (Tr) for the eradication of cutaneous candidiasis.…”