Current concepts of cerebrovascular disease--stroke: stroke and drug abuse.

Caplan, Louis R.; Hier, Daniel B.; Banks, Garrett P.

doi:10.1161/01.str.13.6.869

Cited by 139 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…(Figure 3). This is consistent with report findings that bilateral ischemia of the globus pallidus has been considered to be a hallmark of the ischemia-hypoxic process [6][7][8]. Patient 3 was confused and agitated requiring intubation with a prolonged delirium that lasted 5 days.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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2018

FSAR

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Untitled

2018

FSAR

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“…Vasoconstriction, increased platelet aggregation, and apparent vasculitis have been postulated [38]. In heroin users, strokes usually occurred following reintroduction of the drug after a period of abstinence, suggesting that the underlying mechanism could be immunologic [38, 39]. …”

Section: Mechanisms Of Ischemic Stroke In Hiv-infected Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stroke in HIV-Infected Patients: A Clinical Perspective

Rabinstein¹

2003

Cerebrovasc Dis

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The occurrence of stroke in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been traditionally associated with opportunistic infections and tumors, and advanced stages of immunosuppression. However, this reality is undergoing major changes. Effective antiretroviral regimens are now able to forestall the progression of HIV infection and avoid early mortality. As HIV-infected patients are growing older, clinicians are facing new challenges, including an increasing incidence of vascular complications. The use of protease inhibitors is associated with a variety of metabolic derangements that could produce accelerated atherosclerosis. Cerebrovascular hemodynamic function is impaired in HIV-infected patients with evidence of abnormal vasoreactivity even in otherwise healthy individuals. The potential contribution from these novel mechanisms should be added to the high incidence of classic vascular risk factors in the HIV-infected population and the cardiac abnormalities frequently observed in these patients. Large-scale epidemiological studies should be carried out to define the true incidence of stroke in HIV-infected patients and the factors associated with its occurrence.

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“…The frequency of ICH among a series of stroke in young adults varies from 0.7 to 40% (Nencini et al, 1988;Bevan et al, 1990a). The etiologic spectrum of ICH in young people is also different than that in the older individuals and includes vascular malformations (Toffol et al, 1987a), hypertension (Fuh et al, 1994) and drug use (Caplan et al, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiology of Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage in Young Adults Admitted at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka

Hussain¹,

Mohammad²,

Habib³

et al. 2015

American Journal of Neuroscience

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Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage (SICH) in young adult occurs due to multiple risk factors. The purpose of the present study was to determine the aetiological factors of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage in the young adult patients. This case control study was carried out in the Department of Neurology, Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Internal Medicine at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from September 2010 to August 2011 for a period of one (01) year. Patients aged 15 to 45 years who presented with spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage were taken as case (Group A) and those more than 45 years of age with spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage were taken as control (Group B). All the aetiological factors were recorded in a predesigned data sheet. A total of 430 patients with clinical feature of stroke were admitted through emergency and outpatient department during the study period, of which 152(35.34%) patients had spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria 35 patients were recruited from 15-45 years age range as case and 25 patients were recruited as control. The risk factors of SICH in younger patients were arteriovenous malformation (45.7%), toxaemia of pregnancy (31.4%), hypertension (17.1%), cavernous angioma (2.9%), bleeding disorder (2.9%) and coagulation disorder (2.9%). In patients >45 years most of the ICH was due to HTN (52%) followed by arteriovenous malformation (20%). In conclusion arteriovenous malformation is the most common aetiological factors of young stroke patients followed by hypertension and toxaemia of pregnancy.

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Current concepts of cerebrovascular disease--stroke: stroke and drug abuse.

Cited by 139 publications

References 18 publications

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Stroke in HIV-Infected Patients: A Clinical Perspective

Aetiology of Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage in Young Adults Admitted at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka

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