Current Concepts of Foot and Ankle Angioleiomyoma

Angioleiomyoma of the Ankle: Case Report and Literature Review of a Rare Benign Soft Tissue Tumor

“…Angioleiomyomas can be designated into three different subtypes: solid, cavernous, and venous, with solid subtypes (67% of cases) outnumbering cavernous (23%) or venous (11%) subtypes [2,4]. These subtypes vary slightly in their typical clinical presentations.…”

“…Solid subtypes are accompanied by pain in 70% of cases, as opposed to 30% in cavernous cases or 37% in venous cases. Previous literature has attributed the pain associated with angioleiomyoma to the compression of interstitial nerve fibers and ischemia [4]. The pain has been described as burning with electrical aspects and rapidly worsens with light contact or exposure to cold [2].…”

“…Angioleiomyomas are benign subcutaneous tumors typically arising from the smooth muscle of the tunica media [1]. Angioleiomyoma is rare amongst benign foot neoplasms, making up roughly 4.4% of all benign soft tissue tumors and 0.2% of benign foot and ankle lesions [2][3][4]. The majority of angioleiomyomas are under 2 cm in diameter and are associated with pain in roughly 60% of cases [5,6].…”

“…Angioleiomyoma is more common in women than in men, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.7, with 67% of cases occurring in patients between 30 and 60 years old with an average age of 47 years [2]. While angioleiomyoma may present anywhere on the body, 67% of cases appear on the lower extremities, but of the cases involving the foot and ankle, only 15.7% are located on the ankle [4]. Since involvement of the ankle is rarely documented, preoperative diagnosis is rare, leading to delays in treatment and prolonged suffering [5].…”

Angioleiomyoma para testicular, about a very rare case: Case report

“…Angioleiomyoma is a benign tumor that develops at the expense of smooth muscles and vessels. The majority of angioleiomyomas are located in the subcutaneous tissue of the extremities (1), Para testicular localization is very rare, with very few cases reported in literature. Although it is a benign tumor, it can simulate testicular cancer.…”