Current Concepts of Precancerous Lesions of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Recent Progress in Diagnosis

Liao, Ziyue; Tang, Cuiping; Luo, Rui; Gu, Xiling; Zhou, Jun; Gao, Jian

doi:10.3390/diagnostics13071211

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Combined with previous studies, it has been shown that enhanced scanning based on the characteristics of angiogenesis and blood supply changes in HCC tumors has a high diagnostic value for HCC ( 23 ). With an increasing level of malignancy, the blood supply to the portal vein and hepatic artery decreases, whereas that to the abnormal artery gradually increases ( 24 , 25 ). The combined application of AP hyperenhancement and washout can improve the diagnostic specificity of HCC ( 26 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of histologic grade of hepatocellular carcinoma using dual-layer spectral-detector computed tomography (CT): comparison of two region of interest plotting methods

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Quant Imaging Med Surg

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Background Multi-parameter imaging technology, which is based on substance separation, helps to predict the pathological grade of tumors. When using dual-layer spectral-detector computed tomography (DLCT) to quantify tumor properties, different methods of placing regions of interest (ROIs) directly impact the measurement of parameters, thus affecting the clinical diagnosis of lesions. Consequently, in this study, we aimed to compare the performance of 2 different ROI plotting methods on DLCT in differentiating the histologic grade of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods This retrospective study included 48 consecutive patients with pathologically confirmed HCC, who underwent DLCT from May 2022 to March 2023. The attenuation value of conventional computed tomography (CT), electron density relative to water (EDW), normalized effective atomic number (NZeff), and normalized iodine density (NID) were measured by 2 radiologists using the conventional planar sketching (PS) method and the volumetric analysis method, respectively. The differences in parameters between the arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP) were calculated for each parameter (∆CT, ∆EDW, ∆NZeff, ∆NID). We used 2-sample t -test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences in parameters between the 2 methods. Spearman correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between each parameter and histologic grade. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance. Results The mean values for the spectral quantitative parameters (CT AP , NZeff AP , NID AP ) and the difference between the arterial phase and venous phase (AP-VP) of parameters (∆CT, ∆EDW, ∆NZeff) measured using the volumetric analysis method were significantly lower than those of the PS method (P<0.05). For the ∆NZeff, the volumetric analysis method achieved the highest area under the curve (AUC) with a value of 0.918 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.847–0.988], followed by the PS method (AUC =0.853, 95% CI: 0.743–0.963). Conclusions The spectral parameters of DLCT provide a novel quantitative method for evaluating histological differentiation in patients with HCC, which is worthy of clinical recommendation. Different ROI plotting methods significantly impact the measurement of spectral parameters. Therefore, the whole tumor region should be covered in the parameter measurement of HCC lesions as much as feasible, which is more helpful in predicting the histological grading of tumors before treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of histologic grade of hepatocellular carcinoma using dual-layer spectral-detector computed tomography (CT): comparison of two region of interest plotting methods

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Quant Imaging Med Surg

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“… High mobility group-Box 3 during hepatocellular carcinoma progression[ 21 , 31 - 33 , 35 ]. Based on the data of basic or clinical studies, the progressive upregulation of high mobility group-Box 3 (HMGB3) at the mRNA or protein level occurred from the normal liver to chronic hepatitis to liver cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).…”

Section: Hmgb-3 Signallingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The common etiological causes of liver cancer progression are persistent CH and LC. It has been suggested that precancerous lesions of the liver include all stages of the disease, from dysplastic lesions and dysplastic nodules to early liver cancer[ 33 , 34 ]. A dynamic model of hepatocyte malignant transformation was developed in male SD rats according to the China National Invention Patent (ZL201810077848.2) by using 2-fluorenylacetamide (2-FAA) as a carcinogen.…”

Section: Hmgb-3 Signallingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early monitoring values of oncogenic signalling molecules for hepatocellular carcinoma

Yao,

Fang,

Xie

et al. 2024

World J Gastrointest Oncol

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The prevention and early diagnosis of liver cancer remains a global medical challenge. During the malignant transformation of hepatocytes, a variety of oncogenic cellular signalling molecules, such as novel high mobility group-Box 3, angiopoietin-2, Golgi protein 73, glypican-3, Wnt3a (a signalling molecule in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway), and secretory clusterin, can be expressed and secreted into the blood. These signalling molecules are derived from different signalling pathways and may not only participate in the malignant transformation of hepatocytes but also become early diagnostic indicators of hepatocarcinogenesis or specific targeted molecules for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. This article reviews recent progress in the study of several signalling molecules as sensitive biomarkers for monitoring hepatocarcinogenesis.

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“…With a mortality-to-morbidity ratio of 0.95 (Chen et al, 2020), liver cancer is the most dangerous form of liver illness, and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) are the most diagnosed malignancies of liver origin. The "trilogy pattern" describes how HCC develops and is characterized by cirrhosis, hepatitis B, and liver cancer (Liao et al, 2023). HCC is difficult to diagnose because symptoms do not occur until advanced stage or distant metastasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The core role of macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma: the definition of molecular subtypes and the prognostic risk system

Wang,

Lin,

et al. 2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the tumor microenvironment (TME) is resistant to immunotherapy because of its specificity. It is meaningful to explore the role of macrophage, which is one of the most abundant immune cells in the TME, in cellular communication and its effect on the prognosis and immunotherapy of HCC.Methods: Dimensionality reduction and clustering of the single-cell RNA-seq data from the GSE149614 dataset were carried out to identify the cellular composition of HCC. CellChat was used to analyze the communication between different cells. The specifically highly expressed genes of macrophages were extracted for univariate Cox regression analysis to obtain prognostic genes for HCC cluster analysis, and the risk system of macrophage-specifically highly expressed genes was developed by random forest analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Prognosis, TME infiltration, potential responses to immunotherapy, and antineoplastic drugs were compared among molecular subtypes and between risk groups.Results: We found that HCC included nine identifiable cell types, of which macrophages had the highest communication intensity with each of the other eight cell types. Of the 179 specifically highly expressed genes of macrophage, 56 were significantly correlated with the prognosis of HCC, which classified HCC into three subtypes, which were reproducible and produced different survival outcomes, TME infiltration, and immunotherapy responses among the subtypes. In the integration of four macrophage-specifically highly expressed genes for the development of a risk system, the risk score was significantly involved in higher immune cell infiltration, poor prognosis, immunotherapy response rate, and sensitivity of six drugs.Conclusion: In this study, through single-cell RNA-seq data, we identified nine cell types, among which macrophage had the highest communication intensity with the rest of the cell types. Based on specifically highly expressed genes of macrophage, we successfully divided HCC patients into three clusters with distinct prognosis, TME, and therapeutic response. Additionally, a risk system was constructed, which provided a potential reference index for the prognostic target and preclinical individualized treatment of HCC.

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Current Concepts of Precancerous Lesions of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Recent Progress in Diagnosis

Cited by 5 publications

References 121 publications

Prediction of histologic grade of hepatocellular carcinoma using dual-layer spectral-detector computed tomography (CT): comparison of two region of interest plotting methods

Prediction of histologic grade of hepatocellular carcinoma using dual-layer spectral-detector computed tomography (CT): comparison of two region of interest plotting methods

Early monitoring values of oncogenic signalling molecules for hepatocellular carcinoma

The core role of macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma: the definition of molecular subtypes and the prognostic risk system

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