Current developments in the analysis of water pollution by polychlorinated biphenyls

Font, Guillermina; Mañes, Jordi; Moltó, J.C.; Picó, Yolanda

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(95)00972-8

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…PCBs are in the list of the 12 priority environmental pollutants under the "Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants" due to their persistence, toxicity, and bioaccumulation with resultant pathogenic and teratogenic effects [1,2]. There, 209 PCB congeners, which are defined according to the number and the position of the substituted chlorine, were identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enantiomeric separations of chiral polychlorinated biphenyls on three polysaccharide-type chiral stationary phases by supercritical fluid chromatography

Zhang

Gao

et al. 2012

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Enantiomeric separations of 18 chiral polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were investigated on three polysaccharide-type chiral stationary phases (CSPs; Sino-Chiral OJ, Chiralpak IB, and Chiralcel OD) by supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). With these commonly used polysaccharide CSPs, 17 PCBs except PCB 135 (R(S) = 0.81) were well resolved (R(S) > 1.5) under appropriate mobile phases and temperatures. Using Sino-Chiral OJ, 14 PCBs could be baseline-separated, while only one and nine PCBs could be completely separated using Chiralpak IB and Chiralcel OD, respectively. The influence of column temperature was studied for the optimization of resolution, as well as for the type and percentage of organic modifier in the mobile phase. The resolution decreased as the temperature increased in the range of 26-40 °C in which the enantiomeric separations were an enthalpy-driven process. The addition of modifiers in the mobile phase decreased the resolution of the PCB enantiomers, but it clearly shortened their retention time. These separation results indicate that SFC is a promising chromatographic technique for chiral separation and enantiopure standard preparation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enantiomeric separations of chiral polychlorinated biphenyls on three polysaccharide-type chiral stationary phases by supercritical fluid chromatography

Zhang

Gao

et al. 2012

Anal Bioanal Chem

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“…They are widely used as dielectric and coolant fluids in electrical apparatus, cutting fluids for machining operations, carbon paper and in heat transfer fluids. PCBs have high hydrophobicity, stability, lipid solubility, and persistence, and these characteristics have resulted in their widespread permeation into the environmental medium [5] . PCBs and their metabolites can cause adverse health effects including carcinogenicity, endocrine disruption, neurotoxicity, dermatological and pulmonary diseases, developmental disorders of children and they interfere with calcium utilization in birds [5][6][7] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCBs have high hydrophobicity, stability, lipid solubility, and persistence, and these characteristics have resulted in their widespread permeation into the environmental medium [5] . PCBs and their metabolites can cause adverse health effects including carcinogenicity, endocrine disruption, neurotoxicity, dermatological and pulmonary diseases, developmental disorders of children and they interfere with calcium utilization in birds [5][6][7] . PCBs have been globally banned in accordance with the Stockholm Convention [8] , however, PCBs are still being produced and used in many developing countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, Fate and Treatment Methods of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Dioxins and Furans: A Mini Review

Ayanda¹

2014

Res. Rev. J Mat. Sci

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins and furans are persistent organic pollutants with well-known toxicity and carcinogenic activity. These organic pollutants have the tendency to bioaccumulate, present little or no biodegradation and subsequently, could cause a menace to the ecosystems and human health. This review discusses the occurrence, fate and toxic effect of PAHs, PCBs, dioxins and furans. It also examines the most important advances in the treatment of water and wastewater pollution by PAHs, PCBs, dioxins and furans.

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“…18,19 Even though SPE procedures, compared with LLE, decrease the amount of organic solvent needed, substantial amounts are still required. 20 The purpose of this investigation was to develop a new procedure for the determination of PCBs in aqueous samples down to the low ng/L range, with a minimum of organic solvent consumption. The study was based on a previously developed SPE-methodology using Empore-disks, 18 but here an automated supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) step has replaced the organic solvent-elution step in the analytical procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Combined Solid-Phase Extraction-Supercritical Fluid Extraction Procedure for the Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Wastewater

et al. 2006

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A combined solid-phase extraction (SPE)-supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) procedure was developed for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in wastewater. The importance of cleaning and drying the filters and SPE-disks prior to eluting PCBs with SFE was studied, leading to improved recoveries for all congeners investigated. The average PCB recovery of the final procedure, at a concentration of 18 ng/L in reagent water, was 101% with relative standard deviations ranging from 1 to 5% for the different congeners. Spiked leachate to a final concentration of 4 ng/L was extracted directly after spiking, or after 24 h of spiking. An average recovery of 112% was obtained in the direct extraction of spiked leachate.

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Current developments in the analysis of water pollution by polychlorinated biphenyls

Cited by 47 publications

References 124 publications

Enantiomeric separations of chiral polychlorinated biphenyls on three polysaccharide-type chiral stationary phases by supercritical fluid chromatography

Enantiomeric separations of chiral polychlorinated biphenyls on three polysaccharide-type chiral stationary phases by supercritical fluid chromatography

Occurrence, Fate and Treatment Methods of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Dioxins and Furans: A Mini Review

Development of a Combined Solid-Phase Extraction-Supercritical Fluid Extraction Procedure for the Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Wastewater

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