Current diagnosis and management strategies in pachychoroid spectrum of diseases (Review)

Moraru, Andreea; Costin, D; Moraru, Radu Lucian; Costuleanu, Marcel; Brănișteanu, Dumitru

doi:10.3892/etm.2020.9094

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 57 publications

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“…The PD, a new group of diseases, constitutes a common pathogenic process, which is a sustained, focal or diffuse increase in choroidal thickness over 300 μm. 8 However, choroidal thickness, even though frequently observed on OCT, is not the determining factor in the disease. Abnormally thickened choroid may be found in healthy eyes and is considered as “pachychoroid” or “uncomplicated pachychoroid”.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripapillary retinal neovascularization and vitreous hemorrhage secondary to peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome

Zhioua Braham,

Boukari,

Maalej

et al. 2024

American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripapillary retinal neovascularization and vitreous hemorrhage secondary to peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome

Zhioua Braham,

Boukari,

Maalej

et al. 2024

American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports

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Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy and Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy Represent Different Manifestations of the Same Disease

Quiroz-Gonzalez,

Quiroz-Reyes,

Shao

2023

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography for Choroidal and Vitreoretinal Disorders – Part 2

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The pachychoroid spectrum has various clinical manifestations. There are three major characteristics, all of which have an unknown etiology and controversial pathogenesis: pachychoroid, presence of pachyvessels at the external choroid, and inner choroidal attenuation. This study describes a patient with clinical and multimodal manifestations in the pachychoroid spectrum, in which different clinical variants are presented in both eyes simultaneously. Specifically, the patient had an acute visual loss and massive hemorrhagic maculopathy in the right eye, and a chronic decrease in visual acuity and metamorphopsia in the left eye accompanied by pigmentary changes and subretinal fluid at the geometric center of the fovea. The patient underwent a complete ophthalmological examination and multimodal imaging and was diagnosed with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV); two different manifestations of the same disease spectrum occur simultaneously. Owing to the active nature of the disease, the patient received three doses of intravitreal antiangiogenic agents in each eye. Many different degenerative etiologies have been considered, such as pathological choroidal neovascularization due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and pachychoroid spectrum. Evaluation of the choroid vasculature using swept-source optical coherent tomography (SS-OCT) and OCT angiography (OCT-A) revealed the origin of the disease to be idiopathic. PCV and PNV are considered to represent a single end-stage of the pachychoroid spectrum with different manifestations; the former presents with aneurysmatic characteristics, whereas the latter lacks this anomaly.

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Subretinal alteplase injections in massive subretinal hemorrhage due to age‑related macular degeneration: A case report series

et al. 2020

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This report describes a series of cases with massive subretinal hemorrhage (SRH) due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) treated by subretinal alteplase injections. In all cases, the surgical technique consisted in 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and alteplase injection under the retina using a 38-gauge cannula. After the fluid-gas exchange, bevacizumab injection was performed in all patients. Three cases of SRH in which this technique was used, as well as their evolution at one week and one month postoperatively are described. Visual acuity was hand motion in all three cases at presentation. After surgery, a significant anatomical and functional improvement was noted in all cases. One month postoperatively, none of the patients had blood under the macula, and visual acuities significantly improved to 0.8, 0.2 and 0.16 (decimal fraction). A consistent reduction of central retinal thickness was observed on optical coherence tomography (OCT) from the first week postoperatively. No intra and postoperative complications were noted. Subretinal alteplase injection proved as a viable solution in these severe SRH with early presentation. There was no need to change the systemic anticoagulant and antiaggregant therapy. Bevacizumab intravitreal injection at the end of surgery has an important role in preventing further bleeding.

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Current diagnosis and management strategies in pachychoroid spectrum of diseases (Review)

Cited by 3 publications

References 57 publications

Peripapillary retinal neovascularization and vitreous hemorrhage secondary to peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome

Peripapillary retinal neovascularization and vitreous hemorrhage secondary to peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome

Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy and Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy Represent Different Manifestations of the Same Disease

Subretinal alteplase injections in massive subretinal hemorrhage due to age‑related macular degeneration: A case report series

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