Current Epidemiology and Trends in Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Disease--United States, 1989-2008

MacNeil, Jessica R.; Cohn, Amanda C.; Farley, Monica M.; Mair, Raydel; Baumbach, Joan; Bennett, Nancy M.; Gershman, Ken; Harrison, Lee H.; Lynfield, Ruth; Petit, Susan; Reingold, Arthur; Schaffner, William; Thomas, Ann; Coronado, Fátima; Zell, Elizabeth R.; Mayer, Leonard W.; Clark, Thomas A.; Messonnier, Nancy E.

doi:10.1093/cid/cir735

Cited by 142 publications

(138 citation statements)

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“…4 Black children in the United States are at higher risk for invasive pneumococcal disease than white children [24][25][26] and appear to have a similar to slightly higher risk than white children of invasive H influenzae disease. 27 The risks of noninvasive pneumococcal and H influenzae disease, including OM, are likely to follow the same racial patterns as invasive disease. Additionally, prospective studies have shown no…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race, Otitis Media, and Antibiotic Selection

et al. 2014

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:A previous study suggested that physicians in 1 practice network were less likely to diagnose otitis media (OM) and to prescribe broad-spectrum antibiotics for OM for black versus nonblack children.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: Nationally, black children with OM are more likely to receive guideline-recommended, narrow-spectrum antibiotics than nonblack children. These findings may reflect inappropriate treatment of OM with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in a majority of US children. abstract BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Previous research suggests that physicians may be less likely to diagnose otitis media (OM) and to prescribe broad-spectrum antibiotics for black versus nonblack children. Our objective was to determine whether race is associated with differences in OM diagnosis and antibiotic prescribing nationally. METHODS:We examined OM visit rates during 2008 to 2010 for children #14 years old using the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. We compared OM visits between black and nonblack children, as percentages of all outpatient visits and visit rates per 1000. We compared antibiotic prescribing by race as the percentage of OM visits receiving narrowspectrum (eg, amoxicillin) versus broader-spectrum antibiotics. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine whether race was independently associated with antibiotic selection for OM. RESULTS:The percentage of all visits resulting in OM diagnosis was 30% lower in black children compared with others (7% vs 10%, P = .004). However, OM visits per 1000 population were not different between black and nonblack children (253 vs 321, P = .12). When diagnosed with OM during visits in which antibiotics were prescribed, black children were less likely to receive broad-spectrum antibiotics than nonblack children (42% vs 52%, P = .01). In multivariable analysis, black race was negatively associated with broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing (adjusted odds ratio 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.86).CONCLUSIONS: Differences in treatment choice for black children with OM may indicate race-based differences in physician practice patterns and parental preferences for children with OM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race, Otitis Media, and Antibiotic Selection

et al. 2014

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,5 H influenzae type f has been reported as the most frequent non-Hib capsulated strain. [5][6][7][8][9] NTHi is also considered to be a significant cause of invasive H influenzae infection. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Several risk factors exist for invasive H influenzae infections, including malignant neoplasms, asplenia, agammaglobulinemia, alcohol use disorder, AIDS, chronic pulmonary diseases, long-term steroid use, and undergoing chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or stem cell transplantation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Infection in Patients with Cancer

et al. 2017

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“…Given the reduction in Hib carriage among Hib conjugate vaccine recipients, concern exists as to whether invasive disease due to Hif or other non-b encapsulated strains will become more prevalent due to serotype replacement (Takala et al, 1991;Urwin et al, 1996;Ward, 1996;Tsang, 2007). In fact, several investigations in North America and Europe in the post-conjugate vaccine era have indicated an increased incidence, albeit small, of invasive infections due to non-b H. influenzae, with a predominance of nontypable and Hif strains, primarily in older age groups (Urwin et al, 1996;Ladhani et al, 2010Ladhani et al, , 2012MacNeil et al, 2011;Resman et al, 2011a;Rubach et al, 2011;Ladhani, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Takala et al, 1991;Urwin et al, 1996;Ward, 1996;Tsang, 2007). In fact, several investigations in North America and Europe in the post-conjugate vaccine era have indicated an increased incidence, albeit small, of invasive infections due to non-b H. influenzae, with a predominance of nontypable and Hif strains, primarily in older age groups (Urwin et al, 1996;Ladhani et al, 2010Ladhani et al, , 2012MacNeil et al, 2011;Resman et al, 2011a; Rubach et al, 2011;Ladhani, 2012).Invasive disease associated with Hif appears to disproportionately affect individuals with underlying co-morbidities, including adults suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), ethanol abuse, chronic renal disease and human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS, and children with immunoglobulin deficiencies, severe combined immunodeficiency, human immunodeficiency virus/ AIDS, malignancy and sickle-cell disease (Nitta et al, 1995;Urwin et al, 1996;Fickweiler et al, 2004;Resman et al, 2011b;Watson et al, 2011). This is in contrast to Hib, which is considered a primary pathogen able to cause disease in otherwise healthy and immunocompetent individuals, predominantly children (Morris et al, 2008 (St Geme et al, 1993, 1996Mhlanga-Mutangadura et al, 1998), PCR analysis of variability at a lipo-oligosaccharide (LOS) biosynthetic island, and assessment of their ability to resist the bactericidal activity of adult normal human serum (NHS).…”

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Adhesin genes and serum resistance in Haemophilus influenzae type f isolates

Watson

Nelson

Nguyen

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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The incidence of invasive infections due to Haemophilus influenzae has decreased significantly in developed countries with high rates of vaccination against H. influenzae serotype b (Hib). This vaccine provides no protection against H. influenzae serotype f (Hif), typically associated with invasive infections in adults with chronic disease and/or immunodeficiency, and rarely in otherwise healthy adults and children. The specific properties of Hif associated with virulence remain largely uncharacterized. A panel of 26 Hif strains consisting of both invasive disease-associated and mucosal surface non-invasive disease-associated isolates was surveyed by DNA fingerprinting, biotyping and PCR detection of hmw1, hmw2, hsf, the hif fimbrial locus and the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) biosynthetic island, and assessment of b-lactamase expression and determination of resistance to the bactericidal activity of normal adult human serum. Repetitive sequence-based PCR fingerprinting differentiated the 26 strains into three clusters, with the majority of isolates (22/26, 84.6 %) clustered into a single indistinguishable group. Most isolates (24/26, 92.3 %) were of biotype I and two isolates produced b-lactamase with detection of a conjugative plasmid, and the isolates displayed a range of resistances to the bactericidal activity of human serum. All 26 isolates carried the adhesin hsf, 21 carried a partial hif fimbrial operon and 4 had the adhesin genes hmw1/2. A LOS biosynthetic island was detected in 20 isolates consisting of the genes lic2BC. It was concluded that Hif has many recognized virulence properties and comprises a relatively homogeneous group independent of the anatomical source from which it was isolated. INTRODUCTIONHaemophilus influenzae, a human-restricted Gram-negative coccobacillus, is a commensal of the upper respiratory mucosa and a pathogen commonly causing airway mucosal disease and occasional invasive disease. Since Margaret Pittman's original description of capsular serotypes among H. influenzae isolates in 1931 (Pittman, 1931), H. influenzae serotype b (Hib) had been the most clinically significant strain causing invasive disease (e.g. meningitis, epiglottitis, septicaemia and osteomyelitis) in previously well infants and children (Aubrey & Tang, 2003). Since the early 1990s, routine administration of the Hib conjugate vaccines (which induce protective levels of anti-capsular antibody) has virtually eliminated Hib disease among infants and young children in developed countries (Agrawal & Murphy, 2011;Ladhani, 2012). However, the vaccine provides no protection from infection due to nonb serotypes, including H. influenzae serotype f (Hif), which remains a rare but significant cause of invasive infection. Given the reduction in Hib carriage among Hib conjugate vaccine recipients, concern exists as to whether invasive disease due to Hif or other non-b encapsulated strains will become more prevalent due to serotype replacement Abbreviations: BLNAR, b-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant; CSF, cerebrospinal ...

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Current Epidemiology and Trends in Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Disease--United States, 1989-2008

Cited by 142 publications

References 24 publications

Race, Otitis Media, and Antibiotic Selection

Race, Otitis Media, and Antibiotic Selection

Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Infection in Patients with Cancer

Adhesin genes and serum resistance in Haemophilus influenzae type f isolates

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