Current Impact of DDE on Black-Crowned Night-Herons in the Intermountain West

Henny, Charles J.; Blus, Lawrence J.; Krynitsky, Alexander J.; Bunck, Christine M.

doi:10.2307/3808448

Cited by 99 publications

(60 citation statements)

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“…Our DDE concentrations are also lower than those found in 1990 in waterbird eggs in northern Italy (Movalli et al 1995), in the 1970s and 1980s in Romania (Fossi et al 1984), in the central United States (Faber and Hickey 1973;Henny et al 1984;Fleming et al 1984) and in the eastern United States (Ohlendorf et al 1979;Custer et al 1983a,b).…”

Section: Organochlorines and Pcbscontrasting

confidence: 46%

“…Studies have variously indicated that heron reproductive success begins to decrease when eggs contain Ͼ4 ppm of DDE (Switzer et al 1973;Custer et al 1983a), Ͼ8 ppm (Henny et al 1984 and Ͼ12 ppm (Blus 1984). Egg levels of DDE as high as 24 ppm have been ( data from this study, 1978( data from Fasola et al (1987.…”

Section: Organochlorines and Pcbsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Fitzner et al (1988) found that levels as high as 26 ppm (DDE) and 13 ppm (PCBs) wet weight, respectively, exerted little influence on reproductive success of great blue herons Ardea herodias, and other studies (e.g., Connors et al 1975;Custer et al 1986;Furness et al 1989) have found heron reproduction not to be inhibited by apparently high availability of contaminants. Henny et al (1984) found that a few young were still produced even at egg levels Ͼ25 ppm. The lower variability found in DDE burden within clutches than among clutches confirms the assumption that the chemical residues in a single egg accurately reflect residues in the entire clutch (Blus 1982;Custer et al 1990).…”

Section: Organochlorines and Pcbsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…When measuring contamination, a single egg can statistically represent the entire clutch (Blus 1982;Custer et al 1990). The removal of a single egg does not affect population parameters in Ardeidae (Henny et al 1984), since adults rarely can raise all hatchlings in their nests.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy Metal, Organochlorine Pesticide, and PCB Residues in Eggs and Feathers of Herons Breeding in Northern Italy

Fasola

Movalli

Gandini

1998

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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We report on organochlorine pesticide and PCB concentrations in eggs of the little egret, Egretta garzetta, and the black-crowned night-heron, Nycticorax nycticorax, collected in 1993-1994, and on mercury, cadmium, and lead concentrations in feathers of 20-day-old nestlings collected from the same nests in 1994, from heronries near Pavia, northern Italy. Organochlorine pesticide and PCB residues were lower than those commonly associated with mortality and reduced reproductive success. As population levels of the species studied are not declining, these contaminants appear to have no significant adverse effect on reproduction in the heronries studied. DDE levels have decreased markedly in heron eggs since 1978. However, the presence of both DDT and beta-HCH, albeit at low levels, is notable, given that these compounds were banned in Italy in 1978 and 1988, respectively. Relatively high levels of Hg, Cd, and Pb in feathers suggest birds in their colonies are exposed to these contaminants, although both Cd and Pb may relate more to external than to internal contamination.

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Section: Organochlorines and Pcbscontrasting

confidence: 46%

Section: Organochlorines and Pcbsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Organochlorines and Pcbsmentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy Metal, Organochlorine Pesticide, and PCB Residues in Eggs and Feathers of Herons Breeding in Northern Italy

Fasola

Movalli

Gandini

1998

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…However, the cost of quantifying PCHs precludes chemical examination of large numbers of individual eggs. Therefore, we decided to use the sample egg technique [26][27][28][29][30] in 1989 and 1990 for hypothesis testing. Briefly, this technique involves removing a single egg from each nest at a site for subsequent retrospective analysis of only the nests that exhibit a property of concern.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive success, developmental anomalies, and environmental contaminants in double‐crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Larson

Karasov

Sileo

et al. 1996

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-To test an association between environmental contaminants and the prevalence of congenital anomalies in colonial waterbirds, we collected representative eggs for chemical analysis from double-crested cormorant nests at colonies in Lake Michigan, Wisconsin, USA, and Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba, Canada, and periodically revisited the nests to determine the hatching success, survivorship of hatchlings, and number of deformed hatchlings in the remainder of each clutch. Total concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in eggs were determined by capillary gas chromatography. The combined activity of planar chlorinated hydrocarbons (PCHs) in the eggs was measured in an in vitro bioassay based on the induction of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity in rat hepatoma cells. The combined EROD induction activity was expressed as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (TCDD-EQ). Total concentrations of PCBs and TCDD-EQ were seven to eight times greater in eggs from Lake Michigan (7.8 g/g and 138 pg/g, respectively) than in those from Lake Winnipegosis (1.0 g/g and 19 pg/g, respectively). The proportion of eggs hatching at the Lake Michigan colony (59%) was less (p Ͻ 0.05) than at Lake Winnipegosis (70%), and the prevalence of hatchlings with deformed bills was greater (p Ͻ 0.001) at Lake Michigan (0.79 vs. 0.06%). However, within the Lake Michigan colony, concentrations of PCBs and TCDD-EQ were not correlated with either hatching success or the occurrence of deformities in nestlings.

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