Current knowledge and future directions on bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in cancer patients

Osteonecrosis of jaw beyond antiresorptive (bone-targeted) agents: new horizons in oncology

“…[1] Among the risk factors, it is also consideredthe systemic treatments, especially if prolonged, with BPs. [2] However, the concomitant dentoalveolar surgery and periodontal/dental diseases are the main risk factors.…”

Osteopathology associated with bone resorption inhibitors – which role does Actinomyces play? A presentation of 51 cases with systematic review of the literature

“…The incidence of BRIOJ varies from 0.8 to 11% in patients treated with BP medication due to underlying malignant disease and from 0.01 to 0.04% in patients treated with BP because of osteoporosis . BRIOJ seems to be a multifactorial disease in which local risk factors play an important role in addition to the use of bone resorption inhibitor therapy.…”

The potential for vertical bone regeneration via maxillary periosteal elevation

“…For example, craniofacial and appendicular periostea are differentially affected by anabolic agents such as bisphosphonates (Adamo et al. , Reid , Silverman & Landesberg , Knight et al. ).…”

“…A number of unique features, however, distinguish the appendicular skeleton and its associated periosteum from the craniofacial skeleton and its periosteum. For example, craniofacial and appendicular periostea are differentially affected by anabolic agents such as bisphosphonates (Adamo et al 2008, Reid 2009, Silverman & Landesberg 2009, Knight et al 2010). Leucht et al (2008) used a lineage labelling strategy to demonstrate that craniofacial and long bone periostea contribute differently to bone repair: in long bones, periosteal stem/progenitor cells are derived from mesoderm, whereas in craniofacial bones, the periosteal stem/progenitor populations are derived from the neural crests (Leucht et al 2008).…”