Current Knowledge on the Interaction of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection, Encoded miRNAs, and Acute Aortic Syndrome

Abstract

Aortic dissection is a clinicopathological entity caused by rupture of the intima, leading to a high mortality if not treated. Over time, diagnostic and investigative methods, antihypertensive therapy, and early referrals have resulted in improved outcomes according to registry data. Some data have also emerged from recent studies suggesting a link between Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and aortic dissection. Furthermore, the use of microRNAs has also become increasingly widespread in the literature. These have been noted to play a role in aortic dissections with elevated levels noted in studies as early as 2017. This review aims to provide a broad and holistic overview of the role of miRNAs, while studying the role of HCMV infection in the context of aortic dissections. The roles of long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, and microRNAs are explored to identify changes in expression during aortic dissections. The use of such biomarkers may one day be translated into clinical practice to allow early detection and prognostication of outcomes and drive preventative and therapeutic options in the future.

Non-Coding RNA-Targeted Therapy: A State-of-the-Art Review

“…The deregulation of both types of transcript has been linked to every type of cancer that has been studied so far and affects all the major hallmarks of cancer [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Furthermore, they have been associated with intricate biological processes, including the development and function of immune cells, cardiovascular disease, immune disorders, neural development, and neurological diseases [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”