Current materials for miniaturized sample preparation: Recent advances and future trends

Preparation of Monolith for Online Extraction and LC–MS Analysis of β-Estradiol in Serum Via a Simple Multicomponent Reaction

“…Microextraction techniques, which rely on advanced sorbents and miniaturized methods, hold a paramount significance in modern analytical chemistry. Compared to conventional approaches, they provide cost-effective, rapid, sample preparation methods with enhanced analytical performance and improved environmental impact primarily due to the reduced consumption of organic solvents and reagents . Miniaturized sample preparation methods exploit coated devices, packed devices, or dispersive techniques.…”

“…Other approaches encompass solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and related devices based on supported coatings. Some of these devices can be coupled with autosamplers, switching valves, and detectors, facilitating automated sample cleanup and analysis . Compared to SPE, which is originally an exhaustive method of extraction, SPME utilizes a smaller amount of extraction phase and the isolation of analytes is performed based on the equilibrium between the sample matrix and the extractive coating …”

“…Compared to conventional approaches, they provide cost-effective, rapid, sample preparation methods with enhanced analytical performance and improved environmental impact primarily due to the reduced consumption of organic solvents and reagents. 1 Miniaturized sample preparation methods exploit coated devices, packed devices, or dispersive techniques. Examples of miniaturization in sample preparation include extractive discs, syringes, and disposable pipet tips packed with sorbent (μ-SPE), and dispersive solid phase extraction based on magnetic sorbents.…”

“…Some of these devices can be coupled with autosamplers, switching valves, and detectors, facilitating automated sample cleanup and analysis. 1 Compared to SPE, which is originally an exhaustive method of extraction, SPME utilizes a smaller amount of extraction phase and the isolation of analytes is performed based on the equilibrium between the sample matrix and the extractive coating. 2 Significant effort has been dedicated to developing new sorbents for sample preparation and cleanup with properties, such as affinity to the target analytes, selectivity, specific porosity, high surface area, fast adsorption rates, high recovery (RE), and reduced consumption of sorbent and/or organic solvents in the extraction method.…”

“…2 Significant effort has been dedicated to developing new sorbents for sample preparation and cleanup with properties, such as affinity to the target analytes, selectivity, specific porosity, high surface area, fast adsorption rates, high recovery (RE), and reduced consumption of sorbent and/or organic solvents in the extraction method. 1 Various types of materials have been explored, including inorganic, organic, or natural polymers. This includes imprinted materials (MIPs) 3,4 and restricted access media, covalent-and metal−organic frameworks (COF and MOF, respectively), 5 carbon materials, 6 ionic liquids.…”