Current Microbiological Trends of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in a Tertiary Care Centre, Mysuru, India

Shilpa, C.; Sandeep, S; Thanzeemunisa, U.; Prakash, B; Radhika, Sai; Virender, S.

doi:10.1007/s12070-018-1544-8

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…2 Similarly, in another study conducted in India, the predominant isolates were again P. aeruginosa (49%) and S. aureus (18%). 3 P. aeruginosa aural infections can result in considerable hearing loss with life-long sequelae occurring more frequently in high-risk populations of both developing and developed countries. 4 Serious extracranial and intracranial complications are also possible; 5 however, treatment of P. aeruginosa aural infection is often recurrent and refractory, probably because P. aeruginosa can thrive in the ear and is difficult to eradicate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Characteristics, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Patients with Aural Infections in Shanghai, China

Yang¹,

Liu²,

Ji³

et al. 2021

IDR

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To investigate molecular characteristics, antimicrobial resistance, and biofilm formation ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from patients with aural infections. Methods: Isolates (n = 199) were collected from ear discharges of patients with aural infections from January 2019 to December 2020. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. All isolates were subjected to multilocus sequence typing (MLST) with amplification and sequencing of seven housekeeping genes. Biofilm formation and eradication were quantitatively assessed in microtiter plates. Genes associated with biofilm formation and the quinolone-resistance-determining region (QRDR) of genes gyrA and parC were investigated using polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing. Results: Of the 199 P. aeruginosa strains isolated, 109 (54.77%) were from females and 90 (45.23%) were from males. The isolates exhibited very low rates of resistance to most antibiotics tested, including piperacillin (1.51%), ceftazidime (0.50%), and imipenem (3.52%); however, the quinolones ciprofloxacin (80.40%) and levofloxacin (82.91%) were notable exceptions. The QRDR sequence results of the quinolone-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates showed Thr83Ile (n = 155) was the most common amino acid mutation in gyrA (n = 165), while Ser87Leu (n = 157) was widely detected in parC (n = 165). MLST analysis identified 34 sequence types (STs) with most isolates belonging to ST316 (73.87%). Almost all of the P. aeruginosa isolates (96.98%) produced biofilms and biofilm-forming genes algD (98.49%), pslD (96.98%), and pelF (96.48%) were highly prevalent. Conclusion:The P. aeruginosa strains isolated from aural discharges in this study exhibited very low rates of resistance to most antibiotics tested, except for the resistance rates to quinolones, which were relatively high. The isolates also exhibited a strong biofilm formation ability and low susceptibility to eradication, indicating that more effective drugs and treatment methods are needed to combat these infections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2 Similarly, in another study conducted in India, the predominant isolates were again P. aeruginosa (49%) and S. aureus (18%). 3 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characteristics, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Patients with Aural Infections in Shanghai, China

Yang¹,

Liu²,

Ji³

et al. 2021

IDR

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“…Most of literatures reported that Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the commonest bacteria for chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) [ 17 – 24 ], however, these most common bacteria showed the conflict results for susceptibility and resistance to various antibiotics [ 18 – 24 ]. Some studies found that Staphylococcus aureus showed high sensitivity to erythromycin [ 18 – 20 ] but only a few reported poor susceptibility [ 21 , 22 ]. Erythromycin ointment was more useful in our department and in otologic clinc in other hospital [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Topical Antibiotic Ointment in the Lateral Graft following Underlay Myringoplasty: A Prospective Randomised Study

Lou,

et al. 2023

Journal of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery

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Objective The objective of this study was to compare the graft outcome and postoperative infection of with and without the use of antibiotic ointment following myringoplasty for the treatment of chronic perforations. Study Design Randomized controlled trial. Material and Methods 135 chronic perforations were prospectively randomized to use of antibiotic ointment group (UAO, n = 68) or no use of antibiotic ointment group (NAO, n = 67) following myringoplasty. The graft outcomes and postoperative infection were compared among two groups at 6 months. Results At postoperative 6 months, the graft infection rate was 4.4% in the UAO group and 10.4% in the NAO group, the difference was not significant (P = 0.312).The graft success rates were 92.6% in the UAO group and 91.0% in the NAO group, the difference was not significant (P = 0.979). In the UAO group, 3 patients with purulence ear discharge resulted in a residual perforation although they received ofloxacin ear drops and intravenous antibiotic therapy treatment. In the NAO group, 6 patients with purulence ear discharge resulted in a residual perforation, only one, with mild purulence discharge was successfully treated and closed. In addition, no significant between-group differences were observed pre- (P = 0.746) or post- (P = 0.521) operative air bone gap (ABG) values or mean ABG gain (P = 0.745). However, granular myringitis with minimal moistness but without infection has been noted in 3 (4.4%) patients in the UAO group and in 5 (7.5%) in the NAO group, the difference was not significant (P = 0.699). Conclusions Use and non-use of antibiotic ointments for lateral packing of graft are both comparable methods following myringoplasty for postoperative infection and graft outcomes.

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“…Notably, it cannot be excluded that the presence of concomitant pathogenic agents, during HPV infection, could potentially increase host susceptibility to developing inflammatory middle ear diseases. Indeed, a number of case-control studies have reported an association between pathogenic infectious agents, such as Staphylococcus aureus [39,40] and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [41][42][43] with inflammatory middle ear diseases. Further studies that investigate viral and bacterial co-infections may clarify this issue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Human Papillomavirus DNA loads in Inflammatory Middle Ear Diseases

et al. 2020

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Background. Previous studies reported human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in middle ear tumors, whereas these viruses have been poorly investigated in chronic inflammatory middle ear diseases. We investigated HPVs in non-tumor middle ear diseases, including chronic otitis media (COM). Methods. COM specimens (n = 52), including chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) (n =38) and cholesteatoma (COMC) (n = 14), as well as normal middle ear (NME) specimens (n = 56) were analyzed. HPV sequences and DNA loads were analyzed by quantitative-PCR. HPV genotyping was performed by direct sequencing. Results. HPV DNA was detected in 23% (12/52) of COM and in 30.4% (17/56) of NME (p > 0.05). Specifically, HPV DNA sequences were found in 26.3% (10/38) of CSOM and in 14.3% (2/14) of COMC (p > 0.05). Interestingly, the HPV DNA load was higher in COMC (mean 7.47 copy/cell) than in CSOM (mean 1.02 copy/cell) and NME (mean 1.18 copy/cell) (P = 0.03 and P = 0.017 versus CSOM and NME, respectively). HPV16 and HPV18 were the main genotypes detected in COMC, CSOM and NME. Conclusions. These data suggest that HPV may infect the middle ear mucosa, whereas HPV-positive COMCs are associated with higher viral DNA loads as compared to NME.Pathogens 2020, 9, 224 2 of 10 mucosa sampled from CSOM patients [11]. However, the etiology of CSOM remains to be determined. The relationship between HPV infection and inflammation has been previously reported [12]. It has been shown that persistent infection with high-risk HPVs leads to an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, TNF-α and MIP-1α [13]. In addition, high-risk HPV type 16 (HPV16) is able to increase the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a key enzyme in the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are important mediators of inflammation [14,15]. Until now, only a single study has reported HPV DNA sequences in CSOM, whereby different HPV genotypes, including HPV16, HPV18 and HPV6, have been detected in 30.7% of CSOM [4].COMC is a form of expanding growth consisting of keratinizing squamous cell epithelium [16]. There is great interest in the etiopathogenesis of HPV-associated cholesteatoma because HPV commonly infects the stratified epithelium [17,18]. However, conflicting data have been reported for HPV in COMC [10,[19][20][21]. HPV sequences have been detected in COMC with different prevalence, ranging from 3% to 70% [10,[19][20][21]. Moreover, no specific HPV genotypes have been associated with COMC, as high-and low-risk HPVs, such as HPV16, HPV18 and HPV6 and HPV11, have been detected [10,[19][20][21].There is emerging evidence that HPV infection can occur in different anatomical sites. Since HPV infects epithelia [22], all anatomical sites covered with epithelial tissue are potentially exposed to HPV infection. Apart from pluristratified tissues of the cervix [23], vulva [24] and oral pharynx [25], HPV sequences have been detected in simple epithelia from several anatomical sites such as lung [26], upper respiratory tract [27], larynx [28] and nose [29]. Since the middle ear muc...

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Current Microbiological Trends of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in a Tertiary Care Centre, Mysuru, India

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Molecular Characteristics, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Patients with Aural Infections in Shanghai, China

Molecular Characteristics, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Patients with Aural Infections in Shanghai, China

Role of Topical Antibiotic Ointment in the Lateral Graft following Underlay Myringoplasty: A Prospective Randomised Study

High Human Papillomavirus DNA loads in Inflammatory Middle Ear Diseases

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