Current Nitrogen Management Status and Measures to Improve the Intensive Wheat–Maize System in China

Cui, Zhenling; Chen, Xinping; Zhang, Fusuo

doi:10.1007/s13280-010-0076-6

Cited by 266 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This tends to result in deep nutrient-rich soil layers. In our experiment a uniformly nutrient-rich soil profile (with greater total nutrient load) did not increase shoot growth (P=0.069) or plant nitrogen uptake (Table 2) to winter wheat (n=370)), does not significantly enhance grain yield (Cui et al 2006(Cui et al , 2010Peng et al 2012;Zhang et al 2012), however, there have been reported decreases in crop yield . These are likely to be due to the effect of nutrient placement on root growth (Fig.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

Wheat root growth responses to horizontal stratification of fertiliser in a water-limited environment

et al. 2014

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Background and aims We were interested to determine the effects of horizontal stratification of nutrient-rich zones within different layers of the soil profile in water-limited environments on root growth and crop yield. This is practically relevant to large areas of China, many of which have been over-fertilized. Methods We used soil-filled rhizotrons 1.4 m deep to grow wheat. Three different nutrient-rich horizontal stratifications were used at depths of 0-40, 60-100 and 0-140 cm. The soil was packed to a density of 1.5 g cm −3

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

Wheat root growth responses to horizontal stratification of fertiliser in a water-limited environment

et al. 2014

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“…The build up of residual soil nitrate to the extent of 213 kg N ha −1 in 120 cm soil depth was reported from two years wheat-maize cropping system in India (Lenka et al, 2013). Likewise, Cui et al (2010) reported build up of residual NO3-N in soil profile in response to continuous application of excessive N in North China Plain. Similarly, lower levels of residual NO3 -were reported in high irrigation treatment than in low irrigation treatment at 120 cm (Lenka et al, 2013) and 200 cm (Wang et al, 2010) ) as compared to dry land conditions (82.5 kg N ha −1 yr −1 in the 0-400 cm soil profile (Fan et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Optimal Supply of Water and Nitrogen Improves Grain Yield, Water Use Efficiency and Crop Nitrogen Recovery in Wheat

Bibi¹,

Anwar-ul-Hassan²,

Murtaza³

et al. 2016

IJAB

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Little information is available on the role of optimized application of irrigation and N on crop N recovery and NO3-N build up and movement in soil profile. A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of irrigation and N management practices on wheat yield, water and fertilizer use efficiency and NO3-N distribution in soil. The treatments included were three levels of irrigation; 0.7, 1.0 and 1.3% of the estimated evapo-transpiration (ETc) and four levels of N; 0, 110, 160 and 210 kg N ha -1 in split plot design. The N was applied either in two splits (50% at sowing + 50% at maximum tillering) or three splits (50% at sowing + 25% at maximum tillering + 25% at spike initiation). Nitrogen applied at 110 kg ha -1 in three splits produced higher wheat yield, N recovery and water use efficiency (WUE) than two splits. Further, application of N in three splits had considerably lesser accumulation of NO3-N in soil as compared to two splits. A significant irrigation effect was observed on grain yield, N recovery and WUE. The highest levels were achieved with water application according to crop water requirement (1.0 ETc). The deficit irrigation produced significantly lower grain yield (3.15 t ha ). Deficit irrigation resulted in higher build up of NO3-N in surface soil. In contrast, excessive irrigation resulted in greater concentration of NO3-N in lower depths of soil. The results from this research show that there is great potential for decreasing N leaching and increasing wheat crop yield and N use efficiency thorugh controlled irrigation and N application according to crop demand.

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“…Most farmers in China often overused and applied N fertilizer at the wrong times in intensive cropping systems [12,[51][52][53]. We found that the amount of N applied was the most important limiting management factor for the PFP N gap in 57.4% to 65.8% of all fields (Figure 6b).…”

Section: Effects Of Plant Density and N Application On Yield And Pfp Nmentioning

confidence: 85%

Factors Affecting Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Grain Yield of Summer Maize on Smallholder Farms in the North China Plain

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The summer maize yields and partial factor productivity of nitrogen (N) fertilizer (PFP N , grain yield per unit N fertilizer) on smallholder farms in China are low, and differ between farms due to complex, sub-optimal management practices. We collected data on management practices and yields from smallholder farms in three major summer maize-producing sites-Laoling, Quzhou and Xushui-in the North China Plain (NCP) for two growing seasons, during 2015-2016. Boundary line analysis and a Proc Mixed Model were used to evaluate the contribution of individual factors and their interactions. Summer maize grain yields and PFP N ranged from 6.6 t ha −1 to 14.2 t ha −1 and 15.4 kg kg −1 to 96.1 kg kg −1 , respectively, and averaged 10.5 t ha −1 and 49.1 kg kg −1 , respectively. The mean total yield gap and PFP N gap were 3.6 t ha −1 and 43.3 kg kg −1 in Laoling, 2.2 t ha −1 and 24.5 kg kg −1 in Xushui, and 2.8 t ha −1 and 41.1 kg kg −1 in Quzhou. A positive correlation was observed between the yield gap and PFP N gap; the PFP N gap could be reduced by 6.0 kg kg −1 (3.6-6.6 kg kg −1 ) by reducing the yield gap by 1 t ha −1 . The high yield and high PFP N (HH) fields had a higher plant density and lower N fertilization rate than the low yield and low PFP N (LL) fields. Our results show that multiple management factors caused the yield gap, but the relative contribution of plant density is slightly higher than that of other management practices, such as N input, the sowing date, and potassium fertilizer input. The low PFP N was mainly attributed to an over-application of N fertilizer. To enhance the sustainable production of summer maize, the production gaps should be tackled through programs that guide smallholder farmers on the adoption of optimal management practices.

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Current Nitrogen Management Status and Measures to Improve the Intensive Wheat–Maize System in China

Cited by 266 publications

References 36 publications

Wheat root growth responses to horizontal stratification of fertiliser in a water-limited environment

Wheat root growth responses to horizontal stratification of fertiliser in a water-limited environment

Optimal Supply of Water and Nitrogen Improves Grain Yield, Water Use Efficiency and Crop Nitrogen Recovery in Wheat

Factors Affecting Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Grain Yield of Summer Maize on Smallholder Farms in the North China Plain

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