Current options for the treatment of impetigo in children

Abstract

Impetigo contagiosa is a common, superficial, bacterial infection of the skin characterised by an inflamed and infected epidermis caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes or both. The less common bullous impetigo is characterised by fragile fluid-filled vesicles and flaccid blisters, and is invariably caused by pathogenic strains of S. aureus. In bullous impetigo, exfoliative toxins are produced, although these are restricted to the area of infection and bacteria can be cultured from the blister contents. In the rare variant, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, the exfoliative toxins are spread haematogenously from a localised source causing widespread epidermal damage at distant sites.

Systemic Bioavailability and Safety of Twice-Daily Topical Ozenoxacin 1% Cream in Adults and Children with Impetigo

“…Bullous impetigo mainly affects children aged <2 years and favors moist areas, such as the oronasal surfaces and body folds [1,2]. The primary pathogens responsible for nonbullous and bullous impetigo are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes [1][2][3][4].…”

“…Of the two types of impetigo, nonbullous impetigo constitutes approximately 70% of cases and is more contagious. It causes lesions on exposed areas such as the face and extremities that leave a characteristic yellow-brown crust once ruptured [1][2][3]. Bullous impetigo mainly affects children aged <2 years and favors moist areas, such as the oronasal surfaces and body folds [1,2].…”

“…Bullous impetigo mainly affects children aged <2 years and favors moist areas, such as the oronasal surfaces and body folds [1,2]. The primary pathogens responsible for nonbullous and bullous impetigo are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes [1][2][3][4].A recent Cochrane review of 68 randomized clinical trials concluded that good evidence exists for the efficacy of topical antibacterials in the treatment of impetigo [5]. Systematic review of the studies indicated that topical mupirocin and fusidic acid were equally or more effective than systemic therapy, and both agents were superior to topical disinfection [5].…”

Pubic Hair Removal—Pearls and Pitfalls

“…1 The infection was no doubt spread locally by pubic hair shaving. Treatment with oral (cephalexin) and topical (mupirocin) anti-staphylococcal antibiotics cleared the infection quickly.…”

“…1 Both the corticosteroid and topical antibiotic can be routinely used for a few days after shaving or waxing to prevent folliculitis. If folliculitis is a persistent problem with shaving or waxing, suggest using a safety razor, an electric razor, electric trimmer, or laser hair removal.…”