Current Perspectives on Ophthalmic Manifestations of Childhood Rheumatic Diseases

Abstract

Inflammatory eye diseases are an important manifestation of many pediatric rheumatologic conditions. Early screening and diagnosis are imperative as these illnesses can not only result in significant visual morbidity but also be an indicator of systemic inflammation. Time to presentation of ocular inflammation varies significantly and can range from many years prior to the onset of systemic symptoms to well after the diagnosis of the rheumatologic disorder. Due to this variability in presentation, careful monitoring by an ophthalmologist is vital to preventing ocular complications and preserving vision. Both local and systemic immunosuppressive medications have been effective in the management of ocular disease. In this review, we will focus on the known ophthalmologic manifestations of common pediatric rheumatologic diseases and discuss recent advances in therapeutic considerations for these conditions.

Evaluation of Ophthalmology Consultations of Inpatients In A Tertiary Pediatric Hospital

“…Kronik inflamatuvar hastalıklar sklera, uvea, kornea ve retinayı etkileyip görmede ciddi sorunlara neden olabilir. Özellikle çocuk hastalarda sistemik hastalıkların oküler bulgularını tanımlamak zordur, bu nedenle kronik hastalığı olan çocuk hastaların göz hastalıkları takibine alınması önemlidir (3)(4)(5) . Bu çalışmada, Ocak 2016 ile Aralık 2017 tarihleri arasında hastanemizde yatarak tedavi gören hastaların göz hastalıkları konsültasyonlarının değerlendirilmesi ve sistemik hastalığı olan hastalarda göz bulgularının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.…”

Case Report: Anterior Scleritis Presenting as a Primary Ocular Manifestation in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children With COVID-19

“…Compared with KD, MIS-C more often presents with gastrointestinal (92%) and cardiovascular (80%) symptoms, both of which were seen in the present case ( 2 ). Considering eye manifestations, both MIS-C and KD show similar ocular inflammation in the form of conjunctivitis and anterior uveitis ( 11 , 12 ). The fundal findings in KD have not been fully examined in the currently available English literature, probably because of technical problems with examining infants/young children (usually younger than MIS-C patients).…”

Ocular manifestations in paediatric rheumatic diseases: Experience from a paediatric referral hospital

“…Due to this variability in presentation, careful monitoring is vital in preventing ocular complications and preserving vision. The diagnosis of ocular inflammation can be difficult and is frequently delayed in children due to limited history, patient compliance and the chronic and insidious nature of several of these diseases 7 . It has been observed that band keratopathy, cataract, glaucoma, cystoid macular oedema, macular ischaemia and amblyopia lead to significant vision loss in up to one third of children extending up to adulthood 8 .…”