Current progress achieved in novel materials for supercapacitor electrodes: mini review

Abstract

This mini-review presents a summary of recent developments in supercapacitor research and technology, including all kinds of supercapacitor design techniques using various electrode materials and production methods for addressing energy storage and harvesting issues.

The Development of Pseudocapacitor Electrodes and Devices with High Active Mass Loading

“…Recently significant interest has been generated in the development of ZnO‐based electrodes. [ 155 ] A superbat ZnO device has been developed, [ 156 ] which combines properties of supercapacitors and batteries due to high power density and high energy density. The ZnO tetrapods were prepared by using an oxidative‐metal‐vapor‐transport method.…”

Carbon nano-fiber forest foundation for ruthenium oxide pseudo-electrochemical capacitors

“…Another category of supercapacitor is called pseudocapacitor, which are mostly based on pseudocapacitive metal oxide/hydroxide materials such as RuO 2 , MnO 2 , V 2 O 5 , ZnO, IrO 2 , etc. [12][13][14] Transition metal oxides/hydroxides can provide much higher capacitance than carbon-based materials because of the contribution of very fast reversible redox reactions during the charge storage process on the surface and within the thin sub-surface region. 15,16 Among the transition metal oxides mentioned above, RuO 2 is believed to be one of the best candidates for its recordhigh capacitance, excellent electrical conductivity, and superior electrochemical reversibility and stability.…”

Homogeneous Fe2O3 coatings on carbon nanotube structures for supercapacitors

“…Electrodes made of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are commonly studied owing to their outstanding conductive ability, large interfacial surface area and structural and mechanical robustness. 4,5 In particular, electrodes of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) present a well-ordered nanostructure that allows exposing most of their surface area to the electrolyte and may serve as scaffolds for the deposition of electrochemically active oxides. The charge storage capacity of CNTs is known to increase after performing plasma treatment of their surface, [6][7][8] which introduces surface functional groups and increases both the number of defects and wettability of the electrodes.…”