Current Progress on the Curative Effects of Cell-Based Therapy for Patients with Non-Obstructive Azoospermia

Abstract

Stem cell therapies hold promise for enhancing infertility treatments through improved differentiation and cytokine secretion mechanisms, particularly autologous stem cells known for safety and compatibility. Collaboration and ongoing research are essential for clinical adoption. Additionally, cell-based treatments offer potential solutions for non-obstructive azoospermia NOA, a condition characterized by absent sperm in ejaculate. Traditional therapies have limitations, prompting exploration of spermatogonial stem cells SSCs and induced pluripotent stem cells iPSCs. Animal studies demonstrate successful fertility restoration via SSC transplantation, and progress has been made in characterizing human SSCs. However, challenges persist in expanding human SSCs and optimizing iPSC differentiation. Further research is necessary to overcome technical hurdles, ensure safety, and offer a novel NOA treatment option, ultimately restoring fertility.