Current progress on the mechanisms of hyperhomocysteinemia-induced vascular injury and use of natural polyphenol compounds

Jiang, Qiao; Wang, Li; Si, Xu; Tian, Jinlong; Zhang, Ye; Gui, Hailong; B, Li; D, Tan

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174168

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Recently, the number of studies about Hcy levels or HHcy conducted in south China has increased substantially, which contributes to the need to re-estimate the prevalence of HHcy at the national level [16,17]. Furthermore, considering the key role of Hcy in the process of vascular injury, more studies have been conducted to prevent and treat HHcy by nutritional supplements such as folic acid or other methods [18]. However, it was revealed that the prevalence of HHcy increased over time in single studies recently published [12,[19][20][21].…”

Section: Search Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hyperhomocysteinemia in China: An Updated Meta-Analysis

Zeng

Yuan

et al. 2021

Biology

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We conducted a meta-analysis to systematically assess the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in China, its change over time, and its determinants. Literature searches were conducted using English databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) and Chinese databases (CNKI, CBM, VIP, and Wanfang). The time ranges were from Jan 2014 to Mar 2021 in China. We adopted the random effects model to estimate the pooled positive rates of HHcy and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). To find the sources of heterogeneity, we performed subgroup analysis and meta-regression. A total of 29 related articles were identified involving 338,660 participants with 128,147 HHcy cases. The estimated prevalence of HHcy in China was 37.2% (95%CI: 32.6–41.8%, I2 = 99.8%, p for heterogeneity < 0.001). The trend of HHcy prevalence was gradually upward over time, with increases during 2015–2016 (comparison to 2013–2014, p < 0.001), but steady between 2015–2016 and 2017–2018. Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence was higher in the elderly over 55 years old, males, and residents in the north, inland, and rural China (for each comparison, p < 0.001). Meta-regression analysis revealed that age and area of study contributed to 42.3% of the heterogeneity between studies. The current meta-analysis provides strong evidence that the prevalence of HHcy is increasing in China, and varies substantially across different ages, genders, and geographic distribution. Accordingly, high-risk population groups should be focused on, and public health policies and strategies should be carried out to prevent and control HHcy in China.

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Section: Search Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hyperhomocysteinemia in China: An Updated Meta-Analysis

Zeng

Yuan

et al. 2021

Biology

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“…Effects of folate deficiency on DKD progression could be caused indirectly from hyperhomocysteinemia [ 133 ]. Hyperhomocysteinemia induces inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways leading to endothelial dysfunction and progressive changes in the vasculature, eventually resulting in microvascular damage within the glomerulus [ 145 , 146 ]. Hyperhomocysteinemia can cause glomerular cell sclerosis and induce acute kidney injury through plasma and tissue adenosine level reduction [ 147 , 148 ].…”

Section: Vitamin B9 (Folate)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Associations between Vitamin B Deficiency and Diabetic Kidney Disease

McDonnell

Chinnadurai

2023

Biomedicines

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The number of people living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is growing as our global population continues to expand. With aging, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease being major harbingers of kidney disease, the number of people diagnosed with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has grown concurrently. Poor clinical outcomes in DKD could be influenced by an array of factors—inadequate glycemic control, obesity, metabolic acidosis, anemia, cellular senescence, infection and inflammation, cognitive impairment, reduced physical exercise threshold, and, importantly, malnutrition contributing to protein-energy wasting, sarcopenia, and frailty. Amongst the various causes of malnutrition in DKD, the metabolic mechanisms of vitamin B (B1 (Thiamine), B2 (Riboflavin), B3 (Niacin/Nicotinamide), B5 (Pantothenic Acid), B6 (Pyridoxine), B8 (Biotin), B9 (Folate), and B12 (Cobalamin)) deficiency and its clinical impact has garnered greater scientific interest over the past decade. There remains extensive debate on the biochemical intricacies of vitamin B metabolic pathways and how their deficiencies may affect the development of CKD, diabetes, and subsequently DKD, and vice-versa. Our article provides a review of updated evidence on the biochemical and physiological properties of the vitamin B sub-forms in normal states, and how vitamin B deficiency and defects in their metabolic pathways may influence CKD/DKD pathophysiology, and in reverse how CKD/DKD progression may affect vitamin B metabolism. We hope our article increases awareness of vitamin B deficiency in DKD and the complex physiological associations that exist between vitamin B deficiency, diabetes, and CKD. Further research efforts are needed going forward to address the knowledge gaps on this topic.

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“…The plasma levels of total cysteinylglycine (CysGlySH + its oxidised forms) and total homocysteine (HcySH + its oxidised forms) are higher than those of GSH, the main intracellular antioxidant and comprised, respectively, between 18–36 μM and 5–15 μM [ 52 ]. Hyperhomocysteinemia is an important risk factor for vascular disease and atherosclerosis [ 6 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ], as well as for autoimmune diseases [ 58 ] and neurological disorders [ 59 ]. Higher plasma concentrations of total homocysteine are caused by both genetic and non-genetic factors: among the latter, we can mention renal failure [ 60 ].…”

Section: Protein Thiols and S -Thiolated Proteins ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Thiol Redox State in Chronic Kidney Disease

Garavaglia

Giustarini

Colombo

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Thiols (sulfhydryl groups) are effective antioxidants that can preserve the correct structure of proteins, and can protect cells and tissues from damage induced by oxidative stress. Abnormal levels of thiols have been measured in the blood of patients with moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared to healthy subjects, as well as in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. The levels of protein thiols (a measure of the endogenous antioxidant capacity inversely related to protein oxidation) and S-thiolated proteins (mixed disulphides of protein thiols and low molecular mass thiols), and the protein thiolation index (the molar ratio of the S-thiolated proteins to free protein thiols in plasma) have been investigated in the plasma or red blood cells of CKD and ESRD patients as possible biomarkers of oxidative stress. This type of minimally invasive analysis provides valuable information on the redox status of the less-easily accessible tissues and organs, and of the whole organism. This review provides an overview of reversible modifications in protein thiols in the setting of CKD and renal replacement therapy. The evidence suggests that protein thiols, S-thiolated proteins, and the protein thiolation index are promising biomarkers of reversible oxidative stress that could be included in the routine monitoring of CKD and ESRD patients.

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Current progress on the mechanisms of hyperhomocysteinemia-induced vascular injury and use of natural polyphenol compounds

Cited by 13 publications

References 130 publications

Prevalence of Hyperhomocysteinemia in China: An Updated Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of Hyperhomocysteinemia in China: An Updated Meta-Analysis

Physiological Associations between Vitamin B Deficiency and Diabetic Kidney Disease

Blood Thiol Redox State in Chronic Kidney Disease

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