Current, Projected Performance and Costs of Thermal Energy Storage

Pompei, Laura; Nardecchia, Fabio; Miliozzi, Adio

doi:10.3390/pr11030729

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…By pursuing clean energy alternatives, national and local energy policies will move toward intelligent grids and zero-carbon cities [4,5]. As stated in the literature [6][7][8], there are some critical challenges associated with renewable energy because of fluctuating power production and the mismatched supply/demand for electricity. Based on these tasks, the key role of an energy storage system is essentially to meet the energy demand of the building and make the building more energy-independent [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Renewable Energy Source Production Variability in Residential Stock through Small-Scale Gas–Liquid Energy Storage Technology Application

Vallati,

Di Matteo,

Pompei

et al. 2024

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Despite renewable energy source integration being a well-established requirement in international policies, energy systems still face some unresolved issues, including the intermittence of production. To tackle this problem, a viable solution could comprise the off-peak storage of electricity production excess, to be consumed later during peak-load hours. The transition from the diffuse pattern of centralized generation to the distributed model, involving energy communities, suggests an additional aspect to manage: the spatial constraints of systems for domestic applications. Compressed-air energy storage represents a promising Power-to-Power technology for small-scale energy integration. This study proposes the application of a gas–liquid energy storage system (GLES) in a residential building, using renewable energy excess from a photovoltaic (PV) array. The performance of the proposed system, whose operation involves the compression of the gaseous mass through a piston operated by mineral oil, was evaluated through energy analysis performed simulating the devices and their coupling with the load profiles of the building. The thermodynamic model of storage was validated using data from an experimental campaign on a prototype. A sensitivity study, acting on the features of the system, such as the compression rate and vessel size, allowed us to compare the absorbed PV energy excess, the coverage of the building energy demand during the expansion phase, and the electrical efficiency of a daily cycle. The results obtained, together with the related economic analysis, were used to quantify the market potential of the proposed solution, to be exploited as a mechanical alternative to conventional electric batteries in dwellings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Renewable Energy Source Production Variability in Residential Stock through Small-Scale Gas–Liquid Energy Storage Technology Application

Vallati,

Di Matteo,

Pompei

et al. 2024

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“…REC can also play an important role in the development of green hydrogen, which can be produced in a decentralized way and used as an energy vector for various applications, such as transport and energy storage [12,13]. Energy communities could promote local green hydrogen production, share production and consumption facilities, and create innovative business models to promote the use of green hydrogen and develop a more sustainable energy system at the local and national level [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Levelized Cost of Hydrogen Production in a Renewable Hydrogen Community in South Italy

Ciancio

Santoli

2023

2023 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2023 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Syst

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The need to address climate change requires a shift towards more sustainable energy systems with lower greenhouse gas emissions. The emergence of Distributed Energy Systems (DES) and Renewable Energy Communities (REC) are changing the way energy systems are planned, designed, and managed. REC can play an important role in the development of green hydrogen, which can be produced in a decentralized way and used as an energy vector for various applications, such as transport and energy storage. The aim of this research is to evaluate the cost of hydrogen in distributed energy systems. The province of Taranto was chosen as a case study to model various supply scenarios for a 100 kW electrolyzer for local hydrogen production to be used within a Renewable Hydrogen Community. The results show that the optimal supply mix consists of 150 kW of photovoltaic and 100 kW of onshore wind installations, resulting in an annual hydrogen production of 7,565 kgH2/yr, an excess of electrical energy produced of 27,686 kWh/yr, and a Levelized Cost of the produced Hydrogen (LCOH) of 3.82 €/kgH2. The study highlights the potential use of hydrogen in different sectors, contributing to the reduction of local CO2 emissions. Therefore, green hydrogen can contribute to creating a more flexible, decentralized, and sustainable energy system, promoting the transition to a low-carbon economy.

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“…Sensible heat storage is generally the easiest and cheapest way to store energy, but it is also the less efficient at the low temperatures that are typical of the building components and energy systems. Thermochemical heat storage could reach the highest energy storage densities 2 , but are typically more expensive 3 and complex to manage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal investigation of Phase Change Materials (PCM) by infrared thermography

Ferrarini¹,

Agresti²,

Barison³

et al. 2023

Thermosense: Thermal Infrared Applications XLV

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The need for energy efficiency in building components is constantly increasing, as the current legislation is constantly pushing to decrease the overall energy demand and increase the share of renewable energies in buildings. In this framework, the use of Phase Change Materials (PCM) in construction elements is a powerful tool both to reduce the energy consumption and to improve the integration of renewable energy sources. PCM could be applied both to the building envelope and to the building energy system. In the latter, PCM are typically applied in energy storage elements, exploiting their ability to accumulate and release heat according to the energy need of the building. In this work, the thermal behavior of PCM under dynamic conditions is investigated using three methods based on infrared thermography. The accurate knowledge of the thermal behavior of PCM, obtained through the experimental measurements, is crucial for the design of energy storage elements, as the thermal behavior of PCM-based storage components impacts the overall design of the building energy system.

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Current, Projected Performance and Costs of Thermal Energy Storage

Cited by 16 publications

References 56 publications

Mitigation of Renewable Energy Source Production Variability in Residential Stock through Small-Scale Gas–Liquid Energy Storage Technology Application

Mitigation of Renewable Energy Source Production Variability in Residential Stock through Small-Scale Gas–Liquid Energy Storage Technology Application

Assessing the Levelized Cost of Hydrogen Production in a Renewable Hydrogen Community in South Italy

Thermal investigation of Phase Change Materials (PCM) by infrared thermography

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