Current smoking is associated with lower seminal vesicles and ejaculate volume, despite higher testosterone levels, in male subjects of infertile couples

Lotti, Francesco; Corona, Giovanni; Vitale, Pasquale; Maseroli, Elisa; Rossi, Matteo; Fino, Maria Grazia; Maggi, Mario

doi:10.1093/humrep/deu347

Cited by 69 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Despite that human studies are currently few and limited by their observational nature, the existing proof substantiates the claim that marijuana use has a detrimental effect on male reproductive potential [129]. Of interest would also be to explore the confounding effects of marijuana use on tobacco smokers as a recent study revealed that cigarette smokers are greater abusers of cannabis, whilst cigarette smoking males of infertile couples showed lower ejaculate volumes despite higher testosterone levels [130]. All the above findings underline the fact that clinicians should include questions on marijuana usage while evaluating infertility in males.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marijuana, phytocannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system, and male fertility

Plessis

Agarwal

Syriac

2015

J Assist Reprod Genet

127

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Marijuana has the highest consumption rate among all of the illicit drugs used in the USA, and its popularity as both a recreational and medicinal drug is increasing especially among men of reproductive age. Male factor infertility is on the increase, and the exposure to the cannabinoid compounds released by marijuana could be a contributing cause. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is deeply involved in the complex regulation of male reproduction through the endogenous release of endocannabinoids and binding to cannabinoid receptors. Disturbing the delicate balance of the ECS due to marijuana use can negatively impact reproductive potential. Various in vivo and in vitro studies have reported on the empirical role that marijuana plays in disrupting the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, spermatogenesis, and sperm function such as motility, capacitation, and the acrosome reaction. In this review, we highlight the latest evidence regarding the effect of marijuana use on male fertility and also provide a detailed insight into the ECS and its significance in the male reproductive system.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marijuana, phytocannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system, and male fertility

Plessis

Agarwal

Syriac

2015

J Assist Reprod Genet

127

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“…Lotti et al . () reported that current smoking is associated with lower seminal vesicle volume, despite higher testosterone levels. Moreover, an abstinence period from ejaculation when taking CT is not clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Relationship between volume of the seminal vesicles and sexual activity in middle-aged men

et al. 2016

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The relationship between volume of the seminal vesicles and the frequency of sex and sexual function in middle-aged men is not clear. This study included 81 patients who were diagnosed with localized prostate cancer. Volume of the seminal vesicles was examined using a volume analyser from computed tomography. Sexual function was subjectively evaluated using the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite and Erection Hardness Score. The frequency of sex was surveyed using our original questionnaire. The mean ± SD age of the patients was 67.7 ± 5.3 years. There was no relationship between the volume of seminal vesicles and age of the patients. Volume of the seminal vesicles in patients who answered that they had sexual activity at least once a year was significantly larger than in those who answered no sexual activity for several years (P < .01) Moreover, among sexually active, middle-aged men, volume of the seminal vesicles was significantly larger in those who had a sexual frequency once every 3 months than in those who had a sexual frequency once every 6 months or once a year (P < .05). Our study suggests that the volume of seminal vesicles of middle-aged men is correlated with sexual activity.

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“…Despite the evidence in animal studies of the cytotoxic effect of nicotine and cigarette smoke on Leydig cells, in male smokers a reduction of testosterone levels has not been clearly demonstrated. Conversely, most of the studies found higher testosterone levels in smokers than in non-smokers [38][39][40][41][42]. Higher testosterone and LH levels with higher LH/free testosterone ratio were found with increased smoking, hence authors hypothesized a compensated Leydig cell failure in smokers [40].…”

Section: Effects On Testosterone Productionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Substance Abuse and Male Hypogonadism

Duca

Aversa

Condorelli

et al. 2019

JCM

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Progressive deterioration of male reproductive function is occurring in Western countries. Environmental factors and unhealthy lifestyles have been implicated in the decline of testosterone levels and sperm production observed in the last fifty years. Among unhealthy lifestyles, substance and drug abuse is a recognized cause of possible alterations of steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. Alcohol, opioids and anabolic-androgenic steroids are capable to reduce testosterone production in male interfering with testicular and/or hypothalamic-pituitary function. Other substances such as nicotine, cannabis, and amphetamines alter spermatogenesis inducing oxidative stress and subsequent apoptosis in testicular tissue. Substance and drug abuse is a potentially reversible cause of hypogonadism, defined as the failure of the testis to produce physiological concentrations of testosterone and/or a normal number of spermatozoa. The identification of the abuse is important because the withdrawal of substance intake can reverse the clinical syndrome. This review summarizes the most important clinical and experimental evidence on the effect of substance abuse on testosterone and sperm production.

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Current smoking is associated with lower seminal vesicles and ejaculate volume, despite higher testosterone levels, in male subjects of infertile couples

Abstract: No funding was received for the study. None of the authors have any conflict of interest to declare.

Cited by 69 publications

References 66 publications

Marijuana, phytocannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system, and male fertility

Marijuana, phytocannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system, and male fertility

Relationship between volume of the seminal vesicles and sexual activity in middle-aged men

Substance Abuse and Male Hypogonadism

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