Current status and development of external energy-assisted friction stir welding processes: a review

Saha, Ranamay; Biswas, Pankaj

doi:10.1007/s40194-021-01228-7

Cited by 31 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…In FSW, the info power is changed over into plastic softening energy, which is to some degree put away in the microstructure and to some extent changed over into heat. e consequences of mathematical re-enactments uncover that the heat energy gotten from plastic twisting shifts from 2 to 20% [20]. ese perceptions prove low heat contribution at higher welding speeds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of Friction Stir Welding on the Mechanical and Microstructural Behaviour of AA7075 Aluminium Alloy

Mahesha

Suprabha

Kumar

et al. 2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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In this research work, an attempt was made to weld AA7075 alloy using the friction stir welding (FSW) technique. The experimental runs were designed using the Taguchi L18 orthogonal array and welds were obtained by varying tilt angle, tool rotation speed, tool feed rate, and axial load, whereas weld quality was accessed in terms of tensile strength and microhardness. The microstructure was examined using an optical microscope. The studies revealed that the tool angle was the most influential factor followed by the tool feed rate as both the parameters impacted the intensity of heat developed. It was observed that the tool tilt decreased the microhardness of the welds. The UTS values and macrostructure imply that the weld should be subjected to higher tool torque conditions. The material flow was not periodic nor coordinated, as seen by the tool-tilted weld's macrostructure. With a tool tilt, the weld pressure is lowered, and the lower pressure could not be enough to prevent volumetric defects. The reduced pressure at quicker welding rates may have had an effect on the development of flaws.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of Friction Stir Welding on the Mechanical and Microstructural Behaviour of AA7075 Aluminium Alloy

Mahesha

Suprabha

Kumar

et al. 2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…Welding inspection or inspection of the quality of welding products is used to ensure the integrity, reliability, safety, and availability of welding product structures [1]. It is widely used in the aerospace, aviation, automobile, machinery, shipbuilding, and other industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NDT Method for Weld Defects Based on FMPVit Transformer Model

Liu

Yuan

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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The primary NDT method for welding defects is the image-based detection. Currently, the best performance for image-based detection is based on the transformer model. However, with its high accuracy, it has many limitations, such as large model parameters, large data sample requirements, and expensive computer resources. This model has a weaker ability to capture local features compared with global features. In this study, an improved and optimized welding defect detection and identification framework named Fast Multi-Path Vision transformer (FMPVit) is proposed based on the transformer model. This model uses a multilayer parallel architecture and enhances the local information capture ability of the model through advanced multiscale convolution feature aggregation and the addition of a new local convolution module. Finally, a validation test is carried out using an open dataset of weld seams. The model is proven to exhibit an evident performance improvement over the mainstream model baseline.

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“…The effect of precipitate dissolution and grain growth could be improved by postweld heat treatment (PWHT) [4][5][6], but practical limits to heat treating large subassemblies to the entire aircraft kept this solution from implementation. Therefore, fusion welding solutions were no longer considered, and new, solid-state welding solutions were investigated [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure evaluation of dissimilar AA2024 and AA7050 aluminum joints made by corner stationary-shoulder friction stir welding

et al. 2022

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Fillet welds made by the corner stationary-shoulder friction stir welding process between AA7050-T7451 and AA2024-T4 sheets were characterized using different metallographic techniques and mechanical testing. Robotic welds of an aircraft’s skin-to-internal stiffeners were examined using Barker’s electrolytic and Keller’s etching techniques and correlated with electron backscattered diffraction results and energy-dispersive microprobe analysis. The composition and grain orientation maps and material flow lines demonstrated excellent weld quality in spite of the apparent inhomogeneities in the stir zone where mechanical mixing was complete. Welded joint efficiencies were in the 85–92% of the base metals and were acceptable in terms of resistance to crack initiation and propagation and corrosion resistance, even with softening of the heat-affected zones. It was concluded that several optical and electron microscopy techniques are needed to characterize these dissimilar aluminum welds fully and that post-weld mechanical and thermal treatments could even further improve their quality.

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Current status and development of external energy-assisted friction stir welding processes: a review

Cited by 31 publications

References 98 publications

Effect of Friction Stir Welding on the Mechanical and Microstructural Behaviour of AA7075 Aluminium Alloy

Effect of Friction Stir Welding on the Mechanical and Microstructural Behaviour of AA7075 Aluminium Alloy

NDT Method for Weld Defects Based on FMPVit Transformer Model

Microstructure evaluation of dissimilar AA2024 and AA7050 aluminum joints made by corner stationary-shoulder friction stir welding

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