Current Status and Future of Biological Control in Vegetable Fields of the Kanto Region of Japan

In Japan, augmentative biological control is mainly implemented in greenhouses using arthropod natural enemies. Two imported natural enemy species, Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) against spider mites and Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) against the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), were first commercialised in greenhouses in 1995, followed by the commercialisation of other exotic species. Exotic arthropod natural enemies are used to control both exotic and indigenous pests in greenhouses. Currently, the most popular exotic natural enemy species are predatory mites such as P. persimilis and Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Recently, there has been a shift from using exotic to using indigenous natural enemies in greenhouses. Currently, the importation of generalist predators for augmentative biological control is very difficult in Japan. Several collaborative studies have been conducted in Japan to develop biological control using indigenous natural enemies. These studies developed innovative technologies, such as new banker plant systems based on combinations of two natural enemies or flightless Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Indigenous natural enemies have been commercialised following the registration of Orius strigicollis (Poppius) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). Biological control can be achieved using an indigenous strain of Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae) with a banker plant system, on which the bug can reproduce without alternative prey. Research and development of biological control using indigenous natural enemies should be continued in Japan.

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Species Composition and Abundance of Native Phytoseiid Mites（Acari: Phytoseiidae）in Welsh Onion Fields

寛¹,

洋²,

利幸³

et al. 2017

Japanese journal of applied entomology and zoology

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Abstract:We investigated the occurrence of phytoseiid mites, as indigenous natural enemies of Thrips tabaci Lindeman, in winter-harvested Welsh onion fields in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Periodic surveys were carried out in five fields, and six species of phytoseiid mites were captured. We assumed the dominant species was Gynaeseius liturivorus Ehara , because we captured this species in 8 fields during temporary surveys of 17 fields. Gynaeseius liturivorus populations were higher during October to December in winter-harvested Welsh onion fields receiving lower applications of agrochemicals than conventionally controlled fields. Adult female densities were significantly higher on the insides of leaf folds than on other surface areas of the Welsh onions; all stages of G. liturivorus were frequently observed at peak abundance on the insides of the leaf folds. These results suggest that the insides of Welsh onion leaf folds provide a suitable habitat for G. liturivorus. We identified their predatory potential against T. tabaci in the laboratory adult females consumed 1.1 0.4 adults or 5.3 1.9 2nd instar larvae per day at 22 C with a 12L:12D photoperiod , and observed suppression of thrips in the fields at peak abundance of G. liturivorus. However, development of enhanced techniques for insectary plants and evaluation of agrochemical effects on G. liturivorus are needed in order to sustain higher mite densities, because the control of thrips by mites was not sustainable in this study.

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Current Status and Future of Biological Control in Vegetable Fields of the Kanto Region of Japan

Abstract: Organic cultivation of cabbage in cool highlands-Effects of barrier and cover crops on the occurrence of cabbage moth and cabbage aphid and on cabbage yield-. Bull. Yamanashi Pref. Agric.

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

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Suppression effect of intercropping with barley on Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in onion fields

Augmentative biological control in greenhouses in Japan

Species Composition and Abundance of Native Phytoseiid Mites（Acari: Phytoseiidae）in Welsh Onion Fields

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