Current status and future prospects of oxidative desulfurization of naphtha: a review

Titanium dioxide-modified nanosized TS-1 zeolite-supported phosphotungstic acid as a catalyst for deep catalytic oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil

“…After the reaction, the upper oil was collected and the content of organic sulfides in the oil was analyzed using a GC 7890F gas chromatography system equipped with a hydrogen flame ionization detector and PONA capillary column (0.25 mm  0.25 mm  30 m). The conversion rate (RS) was calculated according to eqn (1).…”

“…Sulfur oxides (SOx) produced by the combustion of sulfur-containing organic compounds in diesel, gasoline, and other fossil fuels will lead to numerous environmental problems such as acid rain and haze. 1 In order to eliminate such pollution, governments worldwide have enacted stringent environmental regulations to restrict the content of sulfur in fuels to less than 10.0 μg g −1 . 2 As a consequence, the ultradeep desulfurization technology has attracted much attention in this field.…”

Assessment of Reaction Parameters in the Oxidative Desulfurization Reaction

“…Additionally, raising the temperature reduces the viscosity of the feed, facilitating the penetration of heavy liquids into the pores. 111 The utilization of graphene-based materials as support structures for functional nanoparticles has emerged as a promising field of research. This is primarily attributed to their advantageous properties, such as high specific surface area, chemical inertness, and exceptional electrical and thermal conductivity.…”

“…At higher temperatures, the number of active oxygen species and the number of molecules involved in the reaction increase, leading to an acceleration in the oxidation process. Additionally, raising the temperature reduces the viscosity of the feed, facilitating the penetration of heavy liquids into the pores …”

Oxidative and Extractive Desulfurization of Fuel Oils Catalyzed by N-Carboxymethyl Pyridinium Acetate and N-Carboxyethyl Pyridinium Acetate Acidic Ionic Liquids: Experimental and Computational DFT Study

“…Beyond the conventional hydrodesulfurization method, there are a few different approaches to desulfurization, and these include adsorptive desulfurization (ADS), − extractive desulfurization (EDS), − biodesulfurization (BDS), , oxidative desulfurization (ODS), − and oxidative-extractive desulfurization (OEDS). − Adsorptive desulfurization involves the treatment of a fuel with an activated/functionalized adsorbent to remove the sulfur under mild temperature (ranging from room temperature to around 100 °C) conditions. The most common adsorbents that have been reported in studies with model fuels include molecular sieves, graphene, graphene-like materials, activated carbon, , metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), , and zeolites .…”