Current Status and Future Trends of Photonic-Integrated FBG Interrogators

Marin, Yisbel E.; Nannipieri, Tiziano; Otón, Claudio J.; Pasquale, F. Di

doi:10.1109/jlt.2017.2779848

Cited by 42 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Therefore, this new interrogator is very suitable for long-time measurements as well. Similar MZIs have been reported for interrogating fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors [15], but not for the RR sensors, which are challenging due to the multiple resonances, the limited control of the resonance wavelength, the narrow resonance linewidth and the low transmission of the fiber-to-RR coupling. We developed a novel light source to overcome these issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Integrated photonics interferometric interrogator for a ring-resonator ultrasound sensor

Ouyang¹,

Haverdings²,

Horsten³

et al. 2019

Opt. Express

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We present a compact integrated photonics interrogator for a ring-resonator (RR) ultrasound sensor, the so-called MediGator. The MediGator consists of a special light source and an InP Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) with a 3 × 3 multi-mode interferometer. Miniaturization of the MZI to chip size enables high temperature stability and negligible signal drift. The light source has a −3 dB bandwidth of 1.5 nm, a power density of 9 dBm/nm and a tuning range of 5.7 nm, providing sufficient signal level and robust alignment for the RR sensor. The mathematical procedure of interrogation is presented, leading to the optimum MZI design. We measure the frequency response of the sensor using the MediGator, giving a resonance frequency of 0.995 MHz. Further, high interrogation performance is demonstrated at the RR resonance frequency for an ultrasound pressure range of 1.47 − 442.4 Pa, which yields very good linearity between the pressure and the resulting modulation amplitude of the RR resonance wavelength. The measured signal time traces match well with calculated results. Linear fitting of the pressure data gives a sensor sensitivity of 77.2 fm/Pa. The MediGator provides a low detection limit, temperature robustness and a large measurement range for interrogating the RR ultrasound sensor. Published by The Optical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Integrated photonics interferometric interrogator for a ring-resonator ultrasound sensor

Ouyang¹,

Haverdings²,

Horsten³

et al. 2019

Opt. Express

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“…FBGs are soft, flexible, compatible with magnetic resonance imaging [42] and have minimal power requirements. The main challenge thus remains the bulkiness of state of the art commercial interrogators: this is part of the long term strategy of this project, and miniaturized solutions for FBG interrogators are nowadays emerging both commercially and in research studies [43], [44].…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implantable Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor for Continuous Heart Activity Monitoring: Ex-Vivo and In-Vivo Validation

et al. 2021

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Continuous and reliable cardiac function monitoring could improve medication adherence in patients at risk of heart failure. This work presents an innovative implantable Fiber Bragg Grating-based soft sensor designed to sense mechanical cardiac activity. The sensor was tested in an isolated beating ovine heart platform, with 3 different hearts operated in wide-ranging conditions. In order to investigate the sensor capability to track the ventricular beats in real-time, two causal algorithms were proposed for detecting the beats from sensor data and to discriminate artifacts. The first based on dynamic thresholds while the second is a hybrid convolutional and recurrent Neural Network. An error of 2.7 ± 0.7 beats per minute was achieved in tracking the heart rate. Finally, we have confirmed the sensor reliability in monitoring the heart activity of healthy adult minipig with an error systematically lower than 1 Bpm.

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“…PIC-based interrogation systems are extremely interesting in sensing applications [ 30 ], especially in the case of wearable devices and medical diagnostics [ 24 ]. In addition, monolithic integration of the interrogation system and the sensor into a single miniature chip will potentially reduce losses and the footprint, consequently creating ultra-compact sensing systems with high performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Modeling of a Fully Integrated Microring-Based Photonic Sensing System for Liquid Refractometry

Voronkov

Zakoyan

Ivanov

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The design of a refractometric sensing system for liquids analysis with a sensor and the scheme for its intensity interrogation combined on a single photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is proposed. A racetrack microring resonator with a channel for the analyzed liquid formed on the top is used as a sensor, and another microring resonator with a lower Q-factor is utilized to detect the change in the resonant wavelength of the sensor. As a measurement result, the optical power at its drop port is detected in comparison with the sum of the powers at the through and drop ports. Simulations showed the possibility of registering a change in the analyte refractive index with a sensitivity of 110 nm per refractive index unit. The proposed scheme was analyzed with a broadband source, as well as a source based on an optoelectronic oscillator using an optical phase modulator. The second case showed the fundamental possibility of implementing an intensity interrogator on a PIC using an external typical single-mode laser as a source. Meanwhile, additional simulations demonstrated an increased system sensitivity compared to the conventional interrogation scheme with a broadband or tunable light source. The proposed approach provides the opportunity to increase the integration level of a sensing device, significantly reducing its cost, power consumption, and dimensions.

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Current Status and Future Trends of Photonic-Integrated FBG Interrogators

Cited by 42 publications

References 16 publications

Integrated photonics interferometric interrogator for a ring-resonator ultrasound sensor

Integrated photonics interferometric interrogator for a ring-resonator ultrasound sensor

Implantable Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor for Continuous Heart Activity Monitoring: Ex-Vivo and In-Vivo Validation

Design and Modeling of a Fully Integrated Microring-Based Photonic Sensing System for Liquid Refractometry

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