Current Status and Smelting Technologies of Rhenium

Yagi, Ryohei; Okabe, Toru H.

doi:10.2320/jinstmet.j2016022

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The methods of smelting the Re from the ore have been described in the reports of the authors. 14 and in the excellent reviews of Melaven, Lebedev, Davenport, Abisheva et al, Anderson et al, Millensifer et al, and Shen et al 6,36,45,48,61,70,71…”

Section: Rhenium Smelting Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methods of smelting the Re from the ore have been described in the reports of the authors. 14 6,36,45,48,61,70,71 History of rhenium production before its initial industrial use German scientists Walter Noddack, Ida Tacke, and Otto Berg reported the discovery of the 75 th element of the periodic table in 1925 and named it rhenium after the Rhine river (German: Rhein river). 72 After this discovery, Wilhelm Feit in Germany developed a method to extract Re from the Mo residues (which are mainly composed of Cu, Mo, Ni, Fe, V, and Re) extracted from Cu ores.…”

Section: Rhenium Smelting Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For details on the technologies for Re smelting and recycling and for its recovery from superalloys, please also refer to the previous reports of the authors. [14][15][16] Demand for rhenium Re is often used as an alloying element in Ni-based superalloys, which are employed in aircraft engines, and the alloys used for ultrahigh-temperature thermocouples to improve their high-temperature strengths and creep resistances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For details on the technologies for Re smelting and recycling and for its recovery from superalloys, please also refer to the previous reports of the authors. 14–16…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review: Rhenium and its smelting and recycling technologies

Yagi,

Okabe

2024

International Materials Reviews

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Rhenium is utilized as an additive to improve the high-temperature strength and stability of materials, such as nickel-based superalloys, which are employed in jet engine turbine blades, alloys for ultrahigh-temperature thermocouples, and platinum catalysts, which are used in oil refining. Currently, around 80% of rhenium demand is for superalloy production, and this demand has been increasing with the increase in demand for aircrafts. The abundance of rhenium in the earth's crust is only 1 ppb (10−9), which is less than those of platinum and gold. Owing to the rare and unevenly distributed nature of rhenium, there is the risk of supply disruption and rapid increases in its price. In this article, the recent situation of rhenium and its compounds are reviewed, especially with respect to their demand, distribution characteristics, smelting, and recycling. Some of the technologies recently developed for smelting and recycling rhenium are also introduced.

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Section: Rhenium Smelting Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rhenium Smelting Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For details on the technologies for Re smelting and recycling and for its recovery from superalloys, please also refer to the previous reports of the authors. 14–16…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review: Rhenium and its smelting and recycling technologies

Yagi,

Okabe

2024

International Materials Reviews

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“…Рений -один из наиболее эффективных легирующих компонентов cуперсплавов [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], для получения которых используется более 80 % этого металла [9,10]. Многокомпонентные Re-содержащие сплавы 5-го поколения содержат ряд ценных редких и цветных металлов, таких как никель, хром, кобальт, вольфрам, тантал, молибден, гафний, титан, алюминий и рутений [9][10][11].…”

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Kinetics of sulfuric acid leaching of nickel from grinding waste of rhenium-containing superalloys

Targanov¹,

Трошкина²

2021

Izv.VUZ. Tsvet. Met.

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The paper studies the kinetics of sulfuric acid leaching of nickel, the main component of grinding waste of ZhS-32VI rheniumcontaining heat-resistant superalloy formed during mechanical processing of products and containing such impurities as abrasive materials, oils, ceramics and other contaminants with refractory metal concentration in a solid residue, in agitation mode. The nickel content is 60 %. In addition to nickel, grinding waste contains other metals such as rhenium, chromium, cobalt, tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, hafnium, titanium, and aluminum. The process of nickel leaching from waste with a sulfuric acid solution was carried out in a thermostated cell at an elevated temperature (55–85 °С), waste : 3 M H2SO4 solution phase ratio of 1 g : 10 ml, and stirring rate of 200 min–1. Kinetics was studied using a fraction of –0.071 mm with the highest yield (49.2 wt.%) in grinding waste. Convex kinetic curves of nickel leaching from waste were obtained. It was found that when the temperature changes from 55 to 85 °С, the time until leaching stops decreases from 220 to 140 min, and nickel recovery from the solution increases from 45 to 99 %. The data of the obtained kinetic curves were linearized according to the «contracting sphere» equation, Gistling–Braunstein and Kazeev–Erofeev equations (the latter is most suitable for description). Taking into account the assessment of anamorphosis correlation coefficients, it was found that nickel leaching from grinding waste is limited by the chemical reaction, and the process proceeds in the kinetic region of the reaction. The apparent activation energy calculated using the Arrhenius equation and rate constants obtained by processing linearized kinetic curves according to the «contracting sphere» model, was 47.5±0.5 kJ/mol. This value confirms the course of the process in the kinetic region where the process can be intensified by increasing its temperature.

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Natural rhenium sulfide clusters formed under conditions of laser desorption‐ionization

Lebedev,

Yarykin,

Chaplygin

et al. 2024

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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RationaleCluster forms of rhenium sulfides have important practical applications as catalysts in oil refining and thus present high interest. However, only a limited number of rhenium sulfide clusters have been described previously. It is known that cluster formation actively occurs under conditions of laser desorption–ionization; nevertheless, detailed studies of rhenium sulfides under such conditions were apparently not conducted previously.MethodsA sample of natural rhenium sulfide, collected from the fumarolic field of Kudriavy volcano (Iturup island, Russia) in 2002, was investigated using the laser desorption–ionization mass spectrometry method. The formed rhenium sulfide clusters were registered by a time‐of‐flight detector and identified programmatically using the software developed in IPCE RAS. The identification involved a comparison of the distribution of isotopic peak intensities, observed in the resulting mass spectra, with the theoretical probabilities of occurrence of various isotopologues for hypothetical rhenium sulfide species.ResultsOver 60 rhenium sulfide clusters of RexSy+ and RexSyOz− types containing up to 10 rhenium atoms were formed when a sample of natural rhenium sulfide was exposed to laser desorption–ionization conditions. Several isolated heterometallic ReXMoSY+ and ReXMoSYOZ− clusters containing up to eight rhenium atoms were additionally observed in the resulting mass spectra. The species with compositions, for which the electrically neutral analogs are known, apparently were the most stable rhenium sulfide clusters among the detected ones.ConclusionsThe obtained data allowed summarizing the patterns of formation of rhenium sulfide clusters under conditions of laser desorption‐ionization. The ability of rhenium and sulfur to form cluster species containing from 7 to 10 atoms of rhenium was likely discovered for the first time. The majority of the rhenium sulfide clusters described in this study, notably RexSy+ ions containing over seven atoms of rhenium, were apparently not observed previously.

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Current Status and Smelting Technologies of Rhenium

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Review: Rhenium and its smelting and recycling technologies

Review: Rhenium and its smelting and recycling technologies

Kinetics of sulfuric acid leaching of nickel from grinding waste of rhenium-containing superalloys

Natural rhenium sulfide clusters formed under conditions of laser desorption‐ionization

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