The overall oil production worldwide has declined due to the increase in maturity of the oil reservoirs. In developing countries like India, the oil production and demand plays a crucial role for the development of economy of the country. However, the domestic crude oil production is insufficient to meet the requirement for energy. Thus, there is a big challenge to minimize the gap between the demand and supply for crude oil. Several methods to enhance oil recovery have been developed to increase the production from matured reservoirs and are referred to as enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods. This chapter discusses in detail about the various EOR methods, their applicability, and the screening criteria for various reservoir types. The EOR methods are further discussed in Indian contexts. This chapter also summarizes the details of various oilfields in India. The chapter will in general, help to understand the recent trends and the need of EOR for Indian oil reservoirs.